Saxena Shailendra K, Shrivastava Gaurav, Tiwari Sneham, Swamy Ml Arvinda, Nair Madhavan Pn
CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007 (AP), India.
Future Virol. 2012 Jun 1;7(6):609-620. doi: 10.2217/FVL.12.42.
HIV-1 Nef protein is an approximately 27-kDa myristoylated protein that is a virulence factor essential for efficient viral replication and infection in CD4(+) T cells. The functions of CD4(+) T cells are directly impeded after HIV infection. HIV-1 Nef plays a crucial role in manipulating host cellular machinery and in HIV pathogenesis by reducing the ability of infected lymphocytes to form immunological synapses by promoting virological synapses with APCs, and by affecting T-cell stimulation. This article reviews the current status of the efficient Nef-mediated spread of virus in the unreceptive environment of the immune system by altering CD4(+) T-lymphocyte signaling, intracellular trafficking, cell migration and apoptotic pathways.
HIV-1 Nef蛋白是一种约27 kDa的肉豆蔻酰化蛋白，是CD4(+) T细胞中高效病毒复制和感染所必需的毒力因子。HIV感染后，CD4(+) T细胞的功能会受到直接阻碍。HIV-1 Nef通过促进与抗原呈递细胞（APC）形成病毒学突触、影响T细胞刺激，降低被感染淋巴细胞形成免疫突触的能力，从而在操纵宿主细胞机制和HIV发病机制中发挥关键作用。本文综述了Nef通过改变CD4(+) T淋巴细胞信号传导、细胞内运输、细胞迁移和凋亡途径，在免疫系统无反应环境中高效介导病毒传播的现状。
