Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia National TB and Leprosy Control Programme, Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia University of Zambia and University College London Medical School Research and Training Programme, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia Center for Tropical Medicine and Travel Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
Trop Med Int Health. 2012 Oct;17(10):1289-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2012.03050.x. Epub 2012 Jul 29.
To document leprosy trends in Zambia over the past two decades to ascertain the importance of leprosy as a health problem in Zambia.
Retrospective study covering the period 1991-2009 of routine national leprosy surveillance data, published national programme review reports and desk reviews of in-country TB reports.
Data reports were available for all the years under study apart from years 2001, 2002 and 2006. The Leprosy case notification rates (CNR) declined from 2.73/10 000 population in 1991 to 0.43/10 000 population in 2009. The general leprosy burden showed a downward trend for both adults and children. Leprosy case burden dropped from approximately 18 000 cases in 1980 to only about 1000 cases in 1996, and by the year 2000, the prevalence rates had fallen to 0.67/10 000 population. There were more multibacillary cases of leprosy than pauci-bacillary cases. Several major gaps in data recording, entry and surveillance were identified. Data on disaggregation by gender, HIV status or geographical origin were not available.
Whilst Zambia has achieved WHO targets for leprosy control, leprosy prevalence data from Zambia may not reflect real situation because of poor data recording and surveillance. Greater investment into infrastructure and training are required for more accurate surveillance of leprosy in Zambia.
记录过去二十年来赞比亚麻风病的流行趋势，以确定麻风病作为赞比亚卫生问题的重要性。
回顾性研究涵盖了 1991 年至 2009 年的常规国家麻风病监测数据、已发表的国家规划审查报告以及对国内结核病报告的桌面审查。
除了 2001 年、2002 年和 2006 年之外，所有研究年份都有数据报告。麻风病病例报告发病率（CNR）从 1991 年的每 10000 人口 2.73 例下降到 2009 年的每 10000 人口 0.43 例。成人和儿童的一般麻风病负担都呈下降趋势。麻风病病例负担从 1980 年的约 18000 例降至 1996 年的约 1000 例，到 2000 年，患病率已降至每 10000 人口 0.67 例。多菌型麻风病病例多于少菌型病例。在数据记录、输入和监测方面存在若干重大差距。没有按性别、艾滋病毒状况或原籍地分类的数据。
尽管赞比亚已经实现了世界卫生组织的麻风病控制目标，但由于数据记录和监测不佳，赞比亚的麻风病流行数据可能无法反映真实情况。需要对基础设施和培训进行更大的投资，以更准确地监测赞比亚的麻风病。
