Microbiology and Immunology Section, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Suzuka University of Medical Science, 1001-1, Kishioka, Suzuka, Mie 510-0293, Japan.
Viruses. 2012 Jul;4(7):1104-15. doi: 10.3390/v4071104. Epub 2012 Jun 29.
Three lectins with different sugar binding specificities were investigated for anti-viral activity against human parainfluenza virus type 2 (hPIV-2). The lectins, concanavalin A (Con A), lens culinaris agglutinin (LCA) and peanut agglutinin (PNA), inhibited cell fusion and hemadsorption induced by hPIV-2. Virus nucleoprotein (NP) gene synthesis was largely inhibited, but fusion (F) and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) gene syntheses were not. An indirect immunofluorescence study showed that Con A inhibited virus NP, F and HN protein syntheses, but LCA did not completely inhibit them, and that PNA inhibited only NP protein synthesis. Using a recombinant green fluorescence protein-expressing hPIV-2, without matrix protein (rghPIV-2ΔM), it was found that virus entry into the cells was not completely prevented. The lectins considerably reduced the number of viruses released compared with that of virus infected cells. The lectins bound to cell surface within 10 min, and many aggregates were observed at 30 min. Con A and LCA slightly disrupted actin microfilaments and microtubules, but PNA had almost no effect on them. These results indicated that the inhibitory effects of the lectins were caused mainly by the considerable prevention of virus adsorption to the cells by the lectin binding to their receptors.
三种具有不同糖结合特异性的凝集素被研究用于抗人类副流感病毒 2 型（hPIV-2）的抗病毒活性。这些凝集素包括刀豆球蛋白 A（Con A）、扁豆凝集素（LCA）和花生凝集素（PNA），它们抑制了 hPIV-2 诱导的细胞融合和红细胞吸附。病毒核蛋白（NP）基因的合成受到了很大的抑制，但融合（F）和血凝素神经氨酸酶（HN）基因的合成没有受到影响。间接免疫荧光研究表明，Con A 抑制了病毒 NP、F 和 HN 蛋白的合成，但 LCA 并没有完全抑制它们的合成，而 PNA 只抑制 NP 蛋白的合成。使用不含基质蛋白的重组绿色荧光蛋白表达的 hPIV-2（rghPIV-2ΔM）发现，病毒进入细胞并没有被完全阻止。与感染病毒的细胞相比，凝集素大大减少了释放的病毒数量。凝集素在 10 分钟内与细胞表面结合，在 30 分钟时观察到许多聚集物。Con A 和 LCA 略微破坏了肌动蛋白微丝和微管，但 PNA 对它们几乎没有影响。这些结果表明，凝集素的抑制作用主要是由于凝集素与受体结合，从而阻止了病毒吸附到细胞上。
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