Department of Psychiatry and Canadian Centre for Health and Safety in Agriculture, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.
Can J Psychiatry. 2012 Aug;57(8):479-87. doi: 10.1177/070674371205700806.
To explore the common and unique risk factors for mood and anxiety disorders. What sociodemographic, psychological, and physical risk factors are associated with mood and anxiety disorders and their comorbidities? What is the impact of multiple risk factors?
Data from the Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being were analyzed. Appropriate sampling weights and bootstrap variance estimation were employed. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and confidence intervals.
The annual prevalence of any mood disorder was 5.2%, and of any anxiety disorder 4.7%. Major depressive episode was the most prevalent mood and anxiety disorder (4.8%), followed by social phobia, panic disorder, mania, and agoraphobia. Among people with mood and anxiety disorders, 22.4% had 2 or more disorders. Risk factors common to mood and anxiety disorders were being young, having lower household income, being unmarried, experiencing greater stress, having poorer mental health, and having a medical condition. Unique risk factors were found: major depressive episode and social phobia were associated with being born in Canada; panic disorder was associated with being Caucasian; lower education was associated with panic and agoraphobia; and poor physical health was associated with mania and agoraphobia. People who were young, unmarried, not fully employed, and had a medical condition, greater stress, poorer self-rated mental health, and dissatisfaction with life, were more likely to have a comorbid mood and (or) anxiety disorder. As the number of common risk factors increases, the probability of having mood and anxiety disorders also increases.
Common and unique risk factors exist for mood and anxiety disorders. Risk factors are additive in increasing the likelihood of disease.
探讨心境障碍和焦虑障碍的共同和独特危险因素。哪些社会人口学、心理和生理危险因素与心境障碍和焦虑障碍及其共病有关？多种危险因素的影响是什么？
分析了加拿大社区健康调查：心理健康和幸福感的数据。采用适当的抽样权重和自举方差估计。使用多因素逻辑回归估计比值比和置信区间。
任何心境障碍的年患病率为 5.2%，任何焦虑障碍的年患病率为 4.7%。重性抑郁发作是最常见的心境和焦虑障碍（4.8%），其次是社交恐惧症、惊恐障碍、躁狂症和广场恐惧症。在患有心境和焦虑障碍的人群中，有 22.4%的人同时患有 2 种或 2 种以上疾病。心境和焦虑障碍的共同危险因素是年轻、家庭收入低、未婚、压力大、心理健康状况差和患有疾病。还发现了独特的危险因素：重性抑郁发作和社交恐惧症与在加拿大出生有关；惊恐障碍与白种人有关；教育程度较低与惊恐障碍和广场恐惧症有关；身体健康状况较差与躁狂症和广场恐惧症有关。年轻、未婚、未充分就业、患有疾病、压力较大、自我报告的心理健康状况较差和对生活不满的人更有可能同时患有心境和（或）焦虑障碍。随着共同危险因素数量的增加，患心境和焦虑障碍的可能性也会增加。
心境障碍和焦虑障碍存在共同和独特的危险因素。危险因素在增加疾病发生的可能性方面是累加的。
