Hospital for Special Surgery and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2012 Aug;20(8):506-17. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-20-08-506.
Nerve transfers are key components of the surgeon's armamentarium in brachial plexus and complex nerve reconstruction. Advantages of nerve transfers are that nerve regeneration distances are shortened, pure motor or sensory nerve fascicles can be selected as donors, and nerve grafts are generally not required. Similar to the principle of tendon transfers, expendable donor nerves are transferred to denervated nerves with the goal of functional recovery. Transfers may be subdivided into intraplexal, extraplexal, and distal types; each has a unique role in the reconstructive process. A thorough diagnostic workup and intraoperative assessment help guide the surgeon in their use. Nerve transfers have made a positive impact on the outcomes of nerve surgery and are essential tools in complex nerve reconstruction.
神经转移是臂丛神经和复杂神经重建中外科医生武器库的关键组成部分。神经转移的优点是缩短神经再生距离，可以选择纯运动或感觉神经束作为供体，通常不需要神经移植。类似于肌腱转移的原理，可利用可牺牲的供体神经将其转移到去神经的神经，以实现功能恢复。转移可分为丛内、丛外和远端类型；每种类型在重建过程中都有独特的作用。彻底的诊断性评估和术中评估有助于指导外科医生使用这些转移技术。神经转移对神经外科手术的结果产生了积极的影响，是复杂神经重建中不可或缺的工具。
