Aurell E, Norrsell K
Department of Ophthalmology, County Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.
Br J Ophthalmol. 1990 Oct;74(10):589-94. doi: 10.1136/bjo.74.10.589.
A longitudinal study of ocular refraction, position, and fixation was performed in children with a family history of strabismus. The children were examined at regular intervals between 3 months and 4 years of age, and the results are discussed in terms of changes in refraction between different ages and correlations between refraction and development of strabismus and amblyopia. Six of 34 children (17.6%) developed constant or intermittent esotropia. The strabismus was first noted between 18 and 30 months of age except in one case. All esotropic children were 4 dioptres hypermetropic or more at 6 months, and their hypermetropia remained almost unchanged through the years. Seven additional children were 4 dioptres or more hypermetropic at 6 months but did not develop a squint. In contrast to the squinting children the hypermetropia in these children changed towards emmetropia. This emmetropisation was most pronounced during the first 2 years of age. The implications of these results for an early diagnosis of strabismus amblyopia are discussed.
对有斜视家族史的儿童进行了一项关于眼屈光、位置和注视的纵向研究。这些儿童在3个月至4岁之间定期接受检查，并根据不同年龄之间的屈光变化以及屈光与斜视和弱视发展之间的相关性对结果进行了讨论。34名儿童中有6名（17.6%）出现了恒定性或间歇性内斜视。除1例病例外，斜视首次在18至30个月龄时被发现。所有内斜视儿童在6个月时远视度数为4屈光度或更高，并且他们的远视度数多年来几乎没有变化。另外7名儿童在6个月时远视度数为4屈光度或更高，但未出现斜视。与斜视儿童相比，这些儿童的远视度数向正视化转变。这种正视化在2岁之前最为明显。讨论了这些结果对早期诊断斜视性弱视的意义。
