Salas-Wright Christopher P, Olate René, Vaughn Michael G
Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2013 Nov;57(11):1393-416. doi: 10.1177/0306624X12455170. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
Empathy is considered a key construct in the empirical study of high-risk adolescent and young adult delinquency, crime, and violence. This study examined the psychometric properties and criterion-related validity of a Spanish adaptation of the Basic Empathy Scale (BES), which is an important measure designed to capture both affective and cognitive empathy that has been validated in multiple languages but not in Spanish. The study's sample consisted of 208 high-risk and gang-involved adolescents and young adults in the Greater San Salvador Metropolitan Area. The original BES was reduced from its 20-item design to a more culturally appropriate 7-item design. The results of the confirmatory factor analysis and criterion-related validity analysis indicate that the adapted BES is a valid and reliable multidimensional measure of empathy for high-risk Salvadoran adolescents and young adults. Consistent with previous findings, females reported lower levels of empathy than males and delinquent/violent respondents reported lower levels of empathy than their nonoffender counterparts.
同理心被认为是高危青少年及青年犯罪、违法和暴力实证研究中的一个关键概念。本研究检验了《基本同理心情量表》（BES）西班牙语改编版的心理测量特性及与标准相关的效度，该量表是一项重要测量工具，旨在捕捉情感同理心和认知同理心，已在多种语言中得到验证，但未在西班牙语中得到验证。该研究的样本包括大圣萨尔瓦多都会区208名高危且涉帮派的青少年及青年。原始的BES从其20个项目的设计精简为更适合文化背景的7个项目的设计。验证性因素分析和与标准相关的效度分析结果表明，改编后的BES是对高危萨尔瓦多青少年及青年同理心进行有效且可靠测量的多维量表。与之前的研究结果一致，女性报告的同理心水平低于男性，有犯罪/暴力行为的受访者报告的同理心水平低于非犯罪受访者。
