Department of Pharmacology, Bosch Institute and School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
ACS Chem Neurosci. 2012 Feb 15;3(2):114-9. doi: 10.1021/cn200099e. Epub 2011 Dec 12.
There is evidence that excitotoxicity and prolonged microglial activation are involved in neuronal death in neurodegenerative disorders. Activated microglia express various molecules, including the translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO; formerly known as the peripheral benzodiazepine receptor) on the outer mitochondrial membrane. The TSPO is a novel target for neuroprotective treatments which aim to reduce microglial activation. The effect of PK 11195 and three other TSPO ligands on the level of microglial activation and neuronal survival was evaluated in a quinolinic acid (QUIN) rat model of excitotoxic neurodegeneration. All three ligands were neuroprotective at a level comparable to PK 11195. All of the ligands decreased microglial activation following the injection of QUIN but had no effect on astrogliosis. Interestingly, we also observed neuroprotective effects from the vehicle, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
有证据表明,兴奋性毒性和持续的小胶质细胞激活参与了神经退行性疾病中的神经元死亡。活化的小胶质细胞在外膜上表达各种分子,包括 18 kDa 转位蛋白(TSPO;以前称为外周苯二氮䓬受体)。TSPO 是神经保护治疗的新靶点,旨在减少小胶质细胞激活。在喹啉酸(QUIN)兴奋性神经退行性变大鼠模型中,评估了 PK 11195 和其他三种 TSPO 配体对小胶质细胞激活和神经元存活水平的影响。所有三种配体的神经保护作用与 PK 11195 相当。所有配体在注射 QUIN 后均降低了小胶质细胞的激活,但对星形胶质细胞增生没有影响。有趣的是,我们还观察到载体二甲基亚砜(DMSO)的神经保护作用。