School of Health Sciences, University of Salford, Salford, UK.
Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013 Jan;8(1):28-37. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.8.1.28. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
To examine the heart-rate (HR) response and court-movement variables during wheelchair tennis match play for high- (HIGH) and low- (LOW) performance-ranked players. Analysis of physiological and movement-based responses during match play offers an insight into the demands of tennis, allowing practical recommendations to be made.
Fourteen male open-class players were monitored during tournament match play. A data logger was used to record distance and speed. HR was recorded during match play.
Significant rank-by-result interactions revealed that HIGH winners covered more forward distance than HIGH losers (P < .05) and had higher average (P < .05) and minimum (P < .01) HRs than LOW winners. LOW losers had higher average (P < .01) and minimum (P < .001) HRs than LOW winners. Independent of result, a significant main effect for rank was identified for maximum (P < .001) and average (P < .001) speed and total (P < .001), reverse (P < .001), and forward-to-reverse (P < .001) distance, with higher values for HIGH. Independent of rank, losing players experienced higher minimum HRs (P < .05). Main effects for maximum HR and actual playing time were not significant. Average playing time was 52.0 (9.1) min.
These data suggest that independent of rank, tennis players were active for sufficient time to confer health-enhancing effects. While the relative playing intensity is similar, HIGH players push faster and farther than LOW players. HIGH players are therefore more capable of responding to ball movement and the challenges of competitive match play. Adjustments to the sport may be required to encourage skill developmental in LOW players, who move at significantly lower speeds and cover less distance.
研究高（HIGH）、低（LOW）绩效排名球员在轮椅网球比赛中的心率（HR）反应和球场移动变量。分析比赛中基于生理和运动的反应，深入了解网球的需求，从而提出切实可行的建议。
对 14 名男性公开级球员在巡回赛比赛中的表现进行监测。使用数据记录仪记录距离和速度。在比赛中记录心率。
显著的排名与结果交互作用表明，HIGH 获胜者比 HIGH 输者覆盖更多的前进距离（P <.05），且平均（P <.05）和最低（P <.01）心率高于 LOW 获胜者。LOW 输者的平均（P <.01）和最低（P <.001）心率均高于 LOW 获胜者。与结果无关，排名的主要效应在最大（P <.001）和平均（P <.001）速度以及总（P <.001）、反向（P <.001）和正向至反向（P <.001）距离方面具有显著的主效应，HIGH 排名的速度和距离更高。与排名无关，输球的球员经历了更高的最低心率（P <.05）。最大心率和实际比赛时间的主效应不显著。平均比赛时间为 52.0（9.1）分钟。
这些数据表明，独立于排名，网球运动员的活跃时间足以带来健康益处。虽然相对比赛强度相似，但 HIGH 球员的推球速度和距离都比 LOW 球员快。因此，HIGH 球员更有能力应对球的移动和有竞争力的比赛的挑战。可能需要对运动进行调整，以鼓励 LOW 球员发展技能，因为他们的移动速度明显较慢，覆盖的距离也较短。
