Walton Billy Ronald Peter, Hills Peter James
Department of Psychology, Anglia Ruskin University Cambridge, UK.
Front Psychol. 2012 Aug 1;3:258. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00258. eCollection 2012.
The internal face prototype is thought to be a construction of the average of every previously viewed face (Schwaninger et al., 2003). However, the influence of the most frequently encountered faces (i.e., personally familiar faces) has been generally understated. The current research explored the face distortion aftereffect in unfamiliar, famous, and personally familiar (each subject's parent) faces. Forty-eight adult participants reported whether faces were distorted or not (distorted by shifting the eyes in the vertical axis) of a series of images that included unfamiliar, famous, and personally familiar faces. The number of faces perceived to be "odd" was measured pre- and post-adaptation to the most extreme distortion. Participants were adapted to either an unfamiliar, famous, or personally familiar face. The results indicate that adaptation transferred from unfamiliar faces to personally familiar faces more so than the converse and aftereffects did not transfer from famous faces to unfamiliar faces. These results are indicative of representation differences between unfamiliar, famous, and personally familiar faces, whereby personally familiar faces share representations of both unfamiliar and famous faces.
内部面孔原型被认为是对之前所见过的每一张面孔进行平均后的构建物（施瓦宁格等人，2003年）。然而，最常遇到的面孔（即个人熟悉的面孔）的影响通常被低估了。当前的研究探究了在不熟悉的、著名的以及个人熟悉的（每个受试者的父母）面孔中的面孔变形后效。48名成年参与者报告了一系列图像中的面孔是否发生了变形（通过在垂直轴上移动眼睛来造成变形），这些图像包括不熟悉、著名以及个人熟悉的面孔。在对最极端的变形进行适应之前和之后，测量被感知为“奇怪”的面孔数量（此处原文 “The number of faces perceived to be "odd" was measured pre- and post-adaptation to the most extreme distortion.” 中 “odd” 可能是 “distorted” 的错误表述，按照合理推测这里是指测量被感知为“变形” 的面孔数量）。参与者分别适应不熟悉、著名或个人熟悉的面孔。结果表明，适应从不熟悉的面孔转移到个人熟悉的面孔的程度比反之的情况更大，并且后效不会从不著名的面孔转移到不熟悉面孔。这些结果表明不熟悉、著名和个人熟悉面孔之间存在表征差异，即个人熟悉的面孔共享不熟悉面孔和著名面孔的表征。
