Department of Psychology, Humboldt-University , Berlin , Germany ; Department of Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University , Munich , Germany.
Front Psychol. 2013 Jun 3;4:318. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00318. eCollection 2013.
The ability to adapt is essential to live and survive in an ever-changing environment such as the human ecosystem. Here we review the literature on adaptation effects of face stimuli to give an overview of existing findings in this area, highlight gaps in its research literature, initiate new directions in face adaptation research, and help to design future adaptation studies. Furthermore, this review should lead to better understanding of the processing characteristics as well as the mental representations of face-relevant information. The review systematizes studies at a behavioral level in respect of a framework which includes three dimensions representing the major characteristics of studies in this field of research. These dimensions comprise (1) the specificity of adapting face information, e.g., identity, gender, or age aspects of the material to be adapted to (2) aspects of timing (e.g., the sustainability of adaptation effects) and (3) transfer relations between face images presented during adaptation and adaptation tests (e.g., images of the same or different identities). The review concludes with options for how to combine findings across different dimensions to demonstrate the relevance of our framework for future studies.
适应能力对于在人类生态系统等不断变化的环境中生存和生活至关重要。在这里，我们回顾了关于面孔刺激适应效应的文献，概述了该领域现有研究结果，突出了该研究文献中的空白，为面孔适应研究开辟了新的方向，并有助于设计未来的适应研究。此外，这篇综述应该有助于更好地理解与面孔相关信息的处理特征和心理表征。本综述在一个框架内系统地整理了行为层面的研究，该框架包括代表该研究领域研究主要特征的三个维度。这些维度包括（1）适应的面孔信息的特异性，例如要适应的材料的身份、性别或年龄方面，（2）时间方面（例如，适应效应的可持续性），以及（3）适应期间呈现的面孔图像与适应测试之间的转移关系（例如，相同或不同身份的图像）。综述最后提出了如何结合不同维度的发现来展示我们的框架对于未来研究的相关性的选项。
