Boyd K M
J Med Ethics. 1990 Dec;16(4):173-8. doi: 10.1136/jme.16.4.173.
An Institute of Medical Ethics working party supports the view that explicit permission should normally be sought in the case of testing for HIV antibody. It discusses this in relation to anonymised HIV testing for epidemiological purposes, concluding that this is to be welcomed, given certain safeguards. It next argues that pregnant women may have a greater and more immediate need than others to know their HIV status. It concludes that this need does not justify testing them without their permission, but can be met by voluntary diagnostic testing on an 'opting-out' basis, supported by adequate briefing.
医学伦理学会的一个工作小组支持这样一种观点，即在进行艾滋病毒抗体检测时，通常应寻求明确的许可。该小组针对出于流行病学目的的匿名艾滋病毒检测进行了讨论，并得出结论认为，在有某些保障措施的情况下，这是值得欢迎的。接下来，该小组指出，孕妇可能比其他人更迫切地需要了解自己的艾滋病毒感染状况。该小组得出的结论是，这种需求并不能成为未经她们许可就对其进行检测的理由，但可以通过在充分说明情况的支持下，以“选择退出”为基础的自愿诊断检测来满足。
