Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Hypertens. 2012 Oct;30(10):2020-30. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283577bdf.
Estimate risks of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD) with updated mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure in an observational study of patients with type 2 diabetes.
Thirty-five thousand and forty-one patients treated with antihypertensive drugs, and 18 512 untreated patients, aged 30-75 years, without previous heart failure, followed for 6 years until 2009.
In treated patients, nonlinear splines for 6-year risk of fatal/nonfatal CHD, stroke and CVD by BP as a continuous variable showed a progressive increase with higher SBP from 140 mmHg and higher, and with DBP from 80 mmHg, with a J-shaped risk curve at lowest SBP levels, but not obviously at lowest DBP levels. Analysing intervals of SBP with 130-134 mmHg as reference at Cox regression, adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for fatal/nonfatal CHD, stroke and CVD with at least 140 mmHg were 1.22 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.39], 1.43 (1.18-1.72), 1.26 (1.13-1.41), all P < 0.001. HR with 115-129 and 135-139 mmHg were nonsignificant, whereas increased with 100-114 mmHg, 1.96 (P < 0.001), 1.75 (P = 0.02), 2.08 (P < 0.001), respectively. With DBP 75-79 mmHg as reference, adjusted HR for fatal/nonfatal CHD, stroke and CVD with DBP 80-84 mmHg were 1.42 (1.26-1.59), 1.46 (1.24-1.72), 1.39 (1.26-1.53), all P < 0.001. Corresponding HR with DBP at least 85 mmHg were 1.70 (1.50-1.92), 2.35 (1.99-2.77), 1.87 (1.69-2.07), all P < 0.001. Corresponding HR with DBP 60-69 and 70-74 mmHg were nonsignificant. The picture was similar in 7059 patients with previous CVD and in untreated patients.
BP around 130-135/75-79 mmHg showed lower risks of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.
在一项针对 2 型糖尿病患者的观察性研究中,使用最新的平均收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)来估计冠心病(CHD)、中风和心血管疾病(CVD)的风险。
对 35041 名接受降压药物治疗的患者和 18512 名未经治疗的年龄在 30-75 岁、无既往心力衰竭的患者进行了研究,随访 6 年直至 2009 年。
在接受治疗的患者中,6 年致命/非致命 CHD、中风和 CVD 风险的非线性样条分析显示,随着 SBP 从 140mmHg 以上逐渐升高,以及 DBP 从 80mmHg 以上升高,风险呈渐进性增加,在最低 SBP 水平呈 J 形风险曲线,但在最低 DBP 水平不明显。在 Cox 回归分析中,以 SBP 130-134mmHg 为参考间隔,至少为 140mmHg 的致命/非致命 CHD、中风和 CVD 的调整后危险比(HR)分别为 1.22(95%置信区间[CI]:1.08-1.39)、1.43(1.18-1.72)、1.26(1.13-1.41),均 P<0.001。115-129mmHg 和 135-139mmHg 的 HR 无统计学意义,而 100-114mmHg 的 HR 则显著增加,分别为 1.96(P<0.001)、1.75(P=0.02)、2.08(P<0.001)。以 DBP 75-79mmHg 为参考,DBP 80-84mmHg 时致命/非致命 CHD、中风和 CVD 的调整后 HR 分别为 1.42(1.26-1.59)、1.46(1.24-1.72)、1.39(1.26-1.53),均 P<0.001。DBP 至少为 85mmHg 时相应的 HR 为 1.70(1.50-1.92)、2.35(1.99-2.77)、1.87(1.69-2.07),均 P<0.001。DBP 为 60-69mmHg 和 70-74mmHg 时相应的 HR 无统计学意义。在先前有 CVD 的 7059 名患者和未经治疗的患者中,也出现了类似的情况。
在 2 型糖尿病患者中,SBP 和 DBP 约为 130-135/75-79mmHg 时,心血管疾病的风险较低。