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血压与 2 型糖尿病心血管疾病风险:来自瑞典国家糖尿病登记处(NDR-BP II)的进一步发现。

Blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes: further findings from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR-BP II).

机构信息

Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.

出版信息

J Hypertens. 2012 Oct;30(10):2020-30. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283577bdf.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

Estimate risks of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and cardiovascular disease (CVD) with updated mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure in an observational study of patients with type 2 diabetes.

METHODS

Thirty-five thousand and forty-one patients treated with antihypertensive drugs, and 18 512 untreated patients, aged 30-75 years, without previous heart failure, followed for 6 years until 2009.

RESULTS

In treated patients, nonlinear splines for 6-year risk of fatal/nonfatal CHD, stroke and CVD by BP as a continuous variable showed a progressive increase with higher SBP from 140  mmHg and higher, and with DBP from 80  mmHg, with a J-shaped risk curve at lowest SBP levels, but not obviously at lowest DBP levels. Analysing intervals of SBP with 130-134  mmHg as reference at Cox regression, adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for fatal/nonfatal CHD, stroke and CVD with at least 140  mmHg were 1.22 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.08-1.39], 1.43 (1.18-1.72), 1.26 (1.13-1.41), all P < 0.001. HR with 115-129 and 135-139  mmHg were nonsignificant, whereas increased with 100-114  mmHg, 1.96 (P < 0.001), 1.75 (P = 0.02), 2.08 (P < 0.001), respectively. With DBP 75-79  mmHg as reference, adjusted HR for fatal/nonfatal CHD, stroke and CVD with DBP 80-84  mmHg were 1.42 (1.26-1.59), 1.46 (1.24-1.72), 1.39 (1.26-1.53), all P < 0.001. Corresponding HR with DBP at least 85  mmHg were 1.70 (1.50-1.92), 2.35 (1.99-2.77), 1.87 (1.69-2.07), all P < 0.001. Corresponding HR with DBP 60-69 and 70-74  mmHg were nonsignificant. The picture was similar in 7059 patients with previous CVD and in untreated patients.

CONCLUSION

BP around 130-135/75-79  mmHg showed lower risks of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.

摘要

目的

在一项针对 2 型糖尿病患者的观察性研究中,使用最新的平均收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)来估计冠心病(CHD)、中风和心血管疾病(CVD)的风险。

方法

对 35041 名接受降压药物治疗的患者和 18512 名未经治疗的年龄在 30-75 岁、无既往心力衰竭的患者进行了研究,随访 6 年直至 2009 年。

结果

在接受治疗的患者中,6 年致命/非致命 CHD、中风和 CVD 风险的非线性样条分析显示,随着 SBP 从 140mmHg 以上逐渐升高,以及 DBP 从 80mmHg 以上升高,风险呈渐进性增加,在最低 SBP 水平呈 J 形风险曲线,但在最低 DBP 水平不明显。在 Cox 回归分析中,以 SBP 130-134mmHg 为参考间隔,至少为 140mmHg 的致命/非致命 CHD、中风和 CVD 的调整后危险比(HR)分别为 1.22(95%置信区间[CI]:1.08-1.39)、1.43(1.18-1.72)、1.26(1.13-1.41),均 P<0.001。115-129mmHg 和 135-139mmHg 的 HR 无统计学意义,而 100-114mmHg 的 HR 则显著增加,分别为 1.96(P<0.001)、1.75(P=0.02)、2.08(P<0.001)。以 DBP 75-79mmHg 为参考,DBP 80-84mmHg 时致命/非致命 CHD、中风和 CVD 的调整后 HR 分别为 1.42(1.26-1.59)、1.46(1.24-1.72)、1.39(1.26-1.53),均 P<0.001。DBP 至少为 85mmHg 时相应的 HR 为 1.70(1.50-1.92)、2.35(1.99-2.77)、1.87(1.69-2.07),均 P<0.001。DBP 为 60-69mmHg 和 70-74mmHg 时相应的 HR 无统计学意义。在先前有 CVD 的 7059 名患者和未经治疗的患者中,也出现了类似的情况。

结论

在 2 型糖尿病患者中,SBP 和 DBP 约为 130-135/75-79mmHg 时,心血管疾病的风险较低。

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