Cvejanov M, Pejakov L, Peković V, Marinković S
Klinika za decju hirurgiju, Novi Sad.
Med Pregl. 1990;43(5-6):225-7.
Artificial respiration is often indicated in the child surgical patient preoperatively, as well as postoperatively because of the specific features of this age group. The characteristics of the respiratory function which are various in different ages, as well as the preoperative condition of the child and the nature of the surgical procedure and anaesthesia are factors which influence the indications for artificial respiration. Of particular importance is the neonatal period of the child where beside the immaturity of vital functions, and a high metabolism level with small calorie reserves, as well as a large consumption of oxygen, there is the addition of stress due to the surgical procedure and anaesthesia which can seriously endanger respiration. The paper analyzes indications for applying artificial respiration at the Clinic for Child Surgery in Novi Sad during a five-year period. Ways of applying artificial respiration, its parameters, as well as the complications during its use are followed. Artificial respiration was applied in 82 children, 46.34% were newborns operated on because of ileus conditions and 43.90% were larger children treated due to polytrauma. The most frequent complications were in the group of newborns: pneumonia, atelectasis, ductus arteriosus opening, lung bleeding and pneumothorax.
由于儿童这一年龄组的特殊特点，人工呼吸在小儿外科患者术前及术后经常需要进行。不同年龄阶段呼吸功能的特点，以及儿童的术前状况、手术过程和麻醉的性质，都是影响人工呼吸指征的因素。儿童的新生儿期尤为重要，除了重要功能不成熟、代谢水平高但热量储备少以及氧气消耗量大之外，手术和麻醉带来的应激会严重危及呼吸。本文分析了诺维萨德儿童外科诊所五年期间应用人工呼吸的指征。跟踪了人工呼吸的应用方式、参数以及使用过程中的并发症。82名儿童接受了人工呼吸，其中46.34%是因肠梗阻接受手术的新生儿，43.90%是因多发伤接受治疗的大龄儿童。最常见的并发症出现在新生儿组：肺炎、肺不张、动脉导管开放、肺出血和气胸。
