Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Langmuir. 2012 Aug 21;28(33):12266-74. doi: 10.1021/la302059s. Epub 2012 Aug 8.
Antifouling thin films of poly[N,N-dimethyl-N-methacryloxyethyl-N-(3-sulfopropyl)-co-2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-co-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate] (PDDE) were synthesized via a substrate-independent and all-dry-initiated chemical vapor deposition (iCVD) technique followed by a diffusion-limited vapor-phase reaction with 1,3-propane sultone. Coated surfaces exhibited very low absorption of various foulants including bovine serum albumin (BSA), humic acid (HA), and sodium alginate (SA), as measured with the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D). The fouling by humic acid was dependent on the presence of divalent cations such as Ca(2+). Both depth profiling and angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements indicated that the zwitterionic groups were highly concentrated in the top ~3 nm of the film. The contact angle measurements revealed a limited degree of surface chain reorganization upon contacting water. The dynamic contact angles remained unchanged after 100 days of storage in air, indicating the stability of the interface. The coating was substrate-independent, and the film was conformal on surface nanostructures including trenches, reverse osmosis membranes, and electrospun nanofiber mats.
通过一种与基底无关的全干引发化学气相沉积（iCVD）技术以及随后与 1,3-丙烷砜的扩散限制气相反应，合成了聚[N,N-二甲基-N-甲氧基乙基-N-(3-磺丙基)-共-2-(二甲氨基)乙基甲基丙烯酸酯-co-乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯]（PDDE）的防污薄膜。通过石英晶体微天平耗散监测（QCM-D）测量，涂层表面对包括牛血清白蛋白（BSA）、腐殖酸（HA）和海藻酸钠（SA）在内的各种污染物的吸收非常低。腐殖酸的污染取决于二价阳离子如 Ca(2+)的存在。深度剖析和角度分辨 X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）测量均表明，两性离子基团高度集中在薄膜的顶部~3nm 范围内。接触角测量表明，在与水接触时，表面链的重组程度有限。在空气中储存 100 天后，动态接触角保持不变，表明界面稳定。该涂层与基底无关，并且在包括沟槽、反渗透膜和静电纺纳米纤维毡在内的表面纳米结构上具有良好的一致性。
