Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Gyorgyi Clinical Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged 6725, Hungary.
Mini Rev Med Chem. 2013 Jan;13(1):34-46. doi: 10.2174/138955713804484794.
During the past 40 years, somatostatin (SST) has been a subject of intensive research. Apart from its substantial role in the neuroendocrine system, due to its dense localization in various areas in the brain, its functions as a neuromodulator have also been thoroughly investigated. Increasing evidence suggests that SST plays a crucial role in memory and cognition. Synthetic forms, biologically active peptide sequences, SST receptor agonists and SST depleting agents have been applied in animal models and in human studies of a number of neuropsychiatric disorders. The translation of experimental data into clinical use could provide novel therapies in neurodegenerative disorders involving cognitive dysfunctions. However in view of the controversial data reported concerning the different roles of the SST receptor subtypes, and the lack of SST analogs that are able to cross diffusion barriers and act selectively at these receptor subtypes, broader clinical use of SST analogs as cognitive enhancers is limited. This review covers the whole range of available experimental results relating to the behavioral effects of SST, and highlights the potential for further investigations.
在过去的 40 年中，生长抑素（SST）一直是研究的热点。除了在神经内分泌系统中发挥重要作用外，由于其在大脑的各个区域中的密集定位，其作为神经调节剂的功能也得到了深入研究。越来越多的证据表明，SST 在记忆和认知中起着至关重要的作用。合成形式、生物活性肽序列、SST 受体激动剂和 SST 耗竭剂已在动物模型和多种神经精神疾病的人类研究中得到应用。将实验数据转化为临床应用，可以为涉及认知功能障碍的神经退行性疾病提供新的治疗方法。然而，鉴于有关不同 SST 受体亚型的作用的争议数据以及缺乏能够穿过扩散屏障并在这些受体亚型中选择性作用的 SST 类似物，SST 类似物作为认知增强剂的更广泛临床应用受到限制。这篇综述涵盖了与 SST 的行为效应相关的所有现有实验结果，并强调了进一步研究的潜力。
