Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Trends Ecol Evol. 2012 Nov;27(11):600-7. doi: 10.1016/j.tree.2012.07.006. Epub 2012 Aug 8.
Resolving contingencies in community ecology requires comparative studies of local communities along broad-scale environmental gradients and in different biogeographic regions. However, comparisons of local ecological processes among regions require a synthetic understanding of how the species pool of potential community members influences the structure of ecological communities. Here, we outline an integrative approach for quantifying local ecological processes while explicitly accounting for species pool influences. Specifically, we highlight the utility of combining geographically replicated local studies, null models of community structure, and ecologically explicit definitions of the species pool as a means to compare predominant ecological processes among regions. By uniting concepts and tools from community ecology and macroecology, this approach might facilitate synthesis and resolve many perceived ecological contingencies.
解决社区生态学中的偶然性需要对广泛的环境梯度和不同生物地理区域的局部社区进行比较研究。然而，要比较区域内的局部生态过程，就需要综合了解潜在社区成员的物种库如何影响生态群落的结构。在这里，我们概述了一种综合的方法，用于量化局部生态过程，同时明确考虑物种库的影响。具体来说，我们强调了结合地理复制的局部研究、群落结构的零模型以及生态上明确的物种库定义的效用，作为在区域间比较主要生态过程的一种手段。通过将社区生态学和宏观生态学的概念和工具结合起来，这种方法可能有助于综合并解决许多被认为是生态偶然性的问题。
