Cogan A I, Clarke M, Chan H, Rossi A
Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute, San Francisco, CA 94115.
Vision Res. 1990;30(11):1617-30. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(90)90148-e.
Interaction between two pulses at the differential luminance threshold was studied for stimuli pairs presented to the same eye or to opposite eyes with an interocular delay. With monocular stimuli, the results replicated the earlier observations by Ikeda (1965) and Rashbass (1970) indicating linear interaction followed by rectification occurring at about 50-60 msec into the integration epoch. Binocular results were different, in accord with observations made in the contrast domain by Green and Blake (1981). Binocular stimuli of opposite polarity showed no cancellation. Binocular facilitation at threshold was found when either the stimuli of the same sign (+ + or - -) occurred with little interocular delay (stimulus onset asynchrony, SOA less than 15 msec), or the stimuli of the opposite sign (+ - or - +) were presented with an interocular delay between 15 and 100 msec SOA; the latter effect was at maximum with flashes 50 msec in duration presented with 50 msec interocular SOA. These results imply that binocular interaction takes place between rectified internal effects of luminance pulses. From the two-channel binocular model of Cogan (1987), binocular facilitation is attributed to the "fused" response derived from multiplicative excitation between same-sign (half-wave rectified), internal pulse responses. The absence of cancellation between simultaneous opposite-sign dichoptic stimuli is attributed to the "either-eye" binocular process dealing with full-wave rectified internal pulse responses to transient stimuli.
针对呈现给同一只眼睛或具有双眼延迟的对侧眼睛的刺激对，研究了在差分亮度阈值下两个脉冲之间的相互作用。对于单眼刺激，结果重复了池田（1965年）和拉什巴斯（1970年）早期的观察结果，表明线性相互作用之后是在积分阶段约50 - 60毫秒时发生的整流。双眼结果则不同，这与格林和布莱克（1981年）在对比度领域的观察结果一致。相反极性的双眼刺激没有显示出抵消。当相同符号（++或--）的刺激以很小的双眼延迟（刺激起始异步，SOA小于15毫秒）出现，或者相反符号（+-或-+）的刺激以15至100毫秒SOA的双眼延迟呈现时，在阈值处发现了双眼促进作用；后一种效应在持续时间为50毫秒且双眼SOA为50毫秒的闪光中最大。这些结果表明，双眼相互作用发生在亮度脉冲的整流内部效应之间。从科根（1987年）的双通道双眼模型来看，双眼促进作用归因于同符号（半波整流）内部脉冲响应之间的乘法激发所产生的“融合”反应。同时呈现的相反符号双眼刺激之间不存在抵消现象，这归因于处理对瞬态刺激的全波整流内部脉冲响应的“任一眼睛”双眼过程。
