Bogg R A, Ray J M
Department of Sociology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306.
Adv Alcohol Subst Abuse. 1990;9(3-4):13-29. doi: 10.1300/j251v09n03_02.
Based on anthropological evidence, MacAndrews and Edgerton state that drunken comportment consists of "time-out" behaviors, subject to the norms of drinking groups, the rewards of such socially licensed behaviors comprising the drinking motive. This perspective was applied to working-class bars in Middletown, Indiana. Although there was a wide range of behavior by bar, drinker category, and the number of drinks consumed, observed patterns suggest the presence of norms. Dramaturgical styles were also noted and typologized; these styles appear to comprise the acting out of sub-culturally desirable roles. The possibility that alcohol facilitates such activities is suggested by earlier laboratory work on drinking fantasies. Drinking rewards may, therefore, stem from altered states of consciousness rather than social license alone.
基于人类学证据，麦克安德鲁斯和埃杰顿指出，醉酒行为包括“暂停”行为，受饮酒群体规范的约束，这种社会许可行为的回报构成了饮酒动机。这一观点被应用于印第安纳州米德尔敦的工人阶级酒吧。尽管不同酒吧、饮酒者类别以及饮酒量存在广泛的行为差异，但观察到的模式表明规范的存在。还注意到并对戏剧化风格进行了分类；这些风格似乎包括对亚文化中理想角色的演绎。早期关于饮酒幻想的实验室研究表明，酒精可能促进了此类活动。因此，饮酒的回报可能源于意识状态的改变，而不仅仅是社会许可。
