[大学生故意自伤与自杀行为之间的关系]
[Relationship between deliberate self-harm and suicidal behaviors in college students].
作者信息
Wan Yu-hui, Gao Rong, Tao Xing-yong, Tao Fang-biao, Hu Chuan-lai
机构信息
School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
出版信息
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2012 May;33(5):474-7.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the prevalence of deliberate self-harm (DSH) and suicidal behaviors (SIB) as well as the relationship between them in a college student population.
METHODS
A total of 4063 medical students were selected under the cluster sampling method in Anhui province. Data were analyzed by Pearson Chi-square and logistic regression.
RESULTS
A total of 4063 (13.4%) students reported that they had deliberately harmed themselves during the past 12 months. The acts of DSH with 1 and more than or equal to 2 times occurrence accounted for 3.7% and 9.6% among all the respondents. The act of DSH was significantly higher among boys than that among girls. Rates of suicide ideation, suicide plan, attempted suicide and SIB in the last year were 4.5%, 1.4%, 0.6% and 4.9%, respectively. However no statistically significant difference was found in different sex. Students in the DSH group that with SIB were found to have lower positive coping levels (OR=0.5, 95%CI: 0.3-0.8), getting less support from friends (3-5 vs. less than or equal to 2: OR=0.6, 95%CI: 0.3-0.9; more than or equal to 6 vs. less than or equal to 2: OR=0.4, 95%CI: 0.2-0.8), with higher negative coping levels (OR=2.1, 95%CI: 1.2-3.7), having more serious depressive symptoms (OR=2.9, 95%CI: 1.6-5.2) and anxiety symptoms (OR=2.2, 95%CI: 1.2-3.8), having more serious sleeping problems (OR=1.7, 95%CI: 1.1-2.8) and perceived fat (fat vs. moderate: OR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.1-3.6) than the DSH group without SIB. The rates of SIB in students with DSH behavior were significantly higher than those in students without those behaviors (OR=4.7, 95%CI: 3.5-6.4). Psychosocial variables could attenuate the relationship between the DSH status and suicidal events (OR=3.3, 95%CI: 2.4-4.5). The DSH frequency exhibited a curvilinear relationship to SIB (OR=3.1-10.0) and psychosocial variables also attenuated this relationship (OR=2.4-5.9).
CONCLUSION
It was well known that SIB was not a suicidal gesture but our findings suggested that the presence of DSH might trigger the suicidal attempts.
目的
描述大学生群体中故意自伤（DSH）和自杀行为（SIB）的患病率及其之间的关系。
方法
采用整群抽样法选取安徽省4063名医学生。数据采用Pearson卡方检验和逻辑回归分析。
结果
共有4063名（13.4%）学生报告在过去12个月内有故意自伤行为。在所有受访者中，自伤1次及1次以上的行为占3.7%，自伤2次及2次以上的行为占9.6%。男生的自伤行为显著高于女生。去年自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀未遂和自杀行为的发生率分别为4.5%、1.4%、0.6%和4.9%。然而，不同性别之间未发现统计学上的显著差异。发现有自杀行为的自伤组学生积极应对水平较低（OR = 0.5，95%CI：0.3 - 0.8），从朋友那里获得的支持较少（3 - 5人支持与2人及以下支持：OR = 0.6，95%CI：0.3 - 0.9；6人及以上支持与2人及以下支持：OR = 0.4，95%CI：0.2 - 0.8），消极应对水平较高（OR = 2.1，95%CI：1.2 - 3.7），抑郁症状（OR = 2.9，95%CI：1.6 - 5.2）和焦虑症状（OR = 2.2，95%CI：1.2 - 3.8）更严重，睡眠问题（OR = 1.7，95%CI：1.1 - 2.8）和感觉肥胖（肥胖与中等：OR = 2.0，95%CI：1.1 - 3.6）比无自杀行为的自伤组更严重。有自伤行为的学生自杀行为发生率显著高于无自伤行为的学生（OR = 4.7，95%CI：3.5 - 6.4）。心理社会变量可减弱自伤状态与自杀事件之间的关系（OR = 3.3，95%CI：2.4 - 4.5）。自伤频率与自杀行为呈曲线关系（OR = 3.1 - 10.0），心理社会变量也减弱了这种关系（OR = 2.4 - 5.9）。
结论
众所周知，自杀行为并非自杀姿态，但我们的研究结果表明，故意自伤的存在可能引发自杀未遂。
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