Reiss Julian
Erasmus University, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Stud Hist Philos Biol Biomed Sci. 2012 Dec;43(4):769-77. doi: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2012.05.005. Epub 2012 Aug 9.
I present an alternative account of causation in the biomedical and social sciences according to which the meaning of causal claims is given by their inferential relations to other claims. Specifically, I will argue that causal claims are (typically) inferentially related to certain evidential claims as well as claims about explanation, prediction, intervention and responsibility. I explain in some detail what it means for a claim to be inferentially related to another and finally derive some implication of the proposed account for the epistemology, semantics and metaphysics of causation.
我提出了一种关于生物医学和社会科学中因果关系的不同解释,根据这种解释,因果主张的意义由它们与其他主张的推理关系给出。具体来说,我将论证因果主张(通常)与某些证据主张以及关于解释、预测、干预和责任的主张存在推理关系。我详细解释了一个主张与另一个主张存在推理关系意味着什么,最后得出了该提议的解释对因果关系的认识论、语义学和形而上学的一些启示。