Mittag W
Freie Universität Berlin.
Arch Psychol (Frankf). 1990;142(1):35-48.
Cognitive self-schemata are conceived of as being generalized representations about the self which have been derived from previous experiences and the evaluations of these experiences. Self-schemata organize and guide the processing of self-related information. An experiment investigating such processing of self-related information in relation to perceived own ability--the self-concept of ability--as a variant of cognitive self-schemata is reported. Subjects with varying levels of self-concept of ability are requested to judge ability-related adjectives with regard to the self. The results indicate that those individuals with high perceived own ability judge adjectives which are consistent with this self-perception significantly faster and more frequently as being self-descriptive than adjectives which are inconsistent with this self-perception. Individuals with low perceived own ability do not differ in response latency and percentage of words judged as being either self-descriptive or not. Overall the results confirm only the assumption that individuals with high perceived own ability--but not individuals with low perceived own ability--possess ability-consistent cognitive self-schemata.
认知自我图式被认为是关于自我的广义表征，它源自先前的经历以及对这些经历的评价。自我图式组织并引导与自我相关信息的处理。本文报告了一项实验，该实验研究了与感知到的自身能力（即能力自我概念）相关的自我相关信息处理，将其作为认知自我图式的一种变体。要求具有不同能力自我概念水平的受试者对与自我相关的能力形容词进行判断。结果表明，那些自我感知能力高的个体判断与这种自我认知一致的形容词作为自我描述性的速度明显更快、频率更高，而判断与这种自我认知不一致的形容词时则不然。自我感知能力低的个体在反应潜伏期以及被判断为自我描述性或非自我描述性的词语百分比方面没有差异。总体而言，结果仅证实了这样一种假设，即自我感知能力高的个体——而不是自我感知能力低的个体——拥有与能力一致的认知自我图式。
