Vogel W H, Netter P
Department of Pharmacology and Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Arch Psychol (Frankf). 1990;142(1):9-23.
A study was designed to answer the questions if low doses of ethanol would reduce stress induced increases in heart rates, if covariations would be observed between ethanol induced changes in heart rates and changes in emotional states and mental performance and if tolerance to ethanol or other personality factors would influence the ethanol induced cardiac effects. Forty-four male students with a history of high and low alcohol consumption according to questionnaire scores were matched for extraversion and neuroticism and then assigned to a group receiving either 0.8 g/kg of ethanol or a placebo drink. A stress condition of mental arithmetic was applied prior to and 45 minutes after ingestion of the drink. Heart rates and ratings of emotional states by adjective check lists were recorded before and after each stress session. A significant reduction of stress induced heart rate increases in both high and low drinking groups but no ethanol dependent change of resting heart rates were observed. Reductions of autonomic stress response by ethanol were weakly but positively correlated to respective reductions of affective stress responses and impairment of the quality of mental performance. High trait anxiety subjects seemed to benefit more from ethanol with respect to reductions of cardiac and emotional arousal than low anxious subjects.
低剂量乙醇是否会降低应激诱导的心率增加；乙醇诱导的心率变化与情绪状态和心理表现的变化之间是否会观察到协变关系；对乙醇的耐受性或其他人格因素是否会影响乙醇诱导的心脏效应。根据问卷调查得分，将44名有高酒精摄入量和低酒精摄入量历史的男学生按照外向性和神经质进行匹配，然后将他们分为两组，一组接受0.8克/千克的乙醇，另一组接受安慰剂饮料。在饮用饮料前和饮用后45分钟施加心算应激条件。在每次应激测试前后记录心率和通过形容词检查表对情绪状态的评分。在高饮酒组和低饮酒组中均观察到应激诱导的心率增加显著降低，但未观察到乙醇对静息心率的依赖性变化。乙醇对自主应激反应的降低与情感应激反应的相应降低以及心理表现质量的损害呈微弱但正相关。高特质焦虑的受试者在降低心脏和情绪唤醒方面似乎比低焦虑受试者从乙醇中获益更多。
