Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2012 Nov;40(5):450-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.07.004. Epub 2012 Aug 11.
Periodontitis is a bacterial disease that can be treated with systemic antibiotics. The aim of this study was to establish the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of five periodontal pathogens to six commonly used antibiotics in periodontics. A total of 247 periodontal bacterial isolates were tested for susceptibility to the six antibiotics using the Etest method. MIC(50) and MIC(90) values (minimum inhibitory concentrations for 50% and 90% of the organisms, respectively) were calculated. Both European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) breakpoints were used in the study to interpret results. β-Lactamase production was tested when amoxicillin resistance was found. MIC(90) values of the anaerobic bacteria were all well below breakpoint values, except for three isolates of Prevotella intermedia and one isolate of Fusobacterium nucleatum that were resistant to amoxicillin (CLSI breakpoints); these isolates were β-lactamase-positive. Two isolates of the capnophilic Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans appeared to be amoxicillin-resistant but failed to show β-lactamase activity. Comparison with a previous study from The Netherlands showed minor differences in susceptibility profiles, but the MIC(90) values of A. actinomycetemcomitans for amoxicillin, clindamycin, azithromycin and tetracycline were higher. Geographical differences in the susceptibility profiles of Porphyromonas gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans between European countries were noted. Comparison of European susceptibility profiles with that of a South American country (Colombia) revealed a much higher resistance in the latter. Owing to these differences in susceptibility profiles, it is of concern to regularly perform surveillance studies on antibiotic resistance.
牙周炎是一种细菌性疾病，可以用全身抗生素治疗。本研究旨在确定五种牙周病原体对牙周治疗中常用的六种抗生素的药敏谱。使用 Etest 法对 247 株牙周细菌分离株进行了对六种抗生素的敏感性测试。计算 MIC（50）和 MIC（90）值（分别为 50%和 90%的微生物最小抑制浓度）。本研究同时使用了欧洲抗菌药物敏感性测试委员会（EUCAST）和临床实验室标准化研究所（CLSI）的折点来解释结果。当发现阿莫西林耐药时，测试了β-内酰胺酶的产生。除了对阿莫西林耐药的 3 株中间普氏菌和 1 株核梭杆菌（CLSI 折点）外，厌氧细菌的 MIC（90）值均远低于折点值，这些分离株产β-内酰胺酶。两种嗜二氧化碳放线菌属伴放线聚集杆菌似乎对阿莫西林耐药，但未能显示β-内酰胺酶活性。与来自荷兰的先前研究相比，药敏谱存在微小差异，但伴放线聚集杆菌对阿莫西林、克林霉素、阿奇霉素和四环素的 MIC（90）值更高。还注意到欧洲国家中间普氏菌和伴放线聚集杆菌的药敏谱存在地理差异。与南美国家（哥伦比亚）的欧洲药敏谱比较显示，后者的耐药率更高。由于这些药敏谱的差异，定期进行抗生素耐药性监测研究是值得关注的。
