Institute of Marine Research, Flødevigen Research Station, Nye Flødevigveien 20, N-4817 His, Norway.
Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess. 2012;29(10):1605-15. doi: 10.1080/19440049.2012.714908. Epub 2012 Aug 14.
The accumulation of phycotoxins in bivalve mussels associated with mussels feeding on toxic phytoplankton is a well-known phenomenon in Norway. Regular monitoring for 25 years has revealed that accumulation of Diarrhetic Shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins in mussels is the main phycotoxin problem along the Norwegian coast. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible trends over time of Dinophysis spp. and DSP as well as possible correlation between abundance of Dinophysis spp. and toxin accumulation in mussels, as based on intensive and regular monitoring at the southern coast of Norway at Flødevigen Bay. The main source organism causing a risk of DSP in Norway is Dinophysis acuta. However, it cannot be excluded that other Dinophysis spp., e.g. D. acuminata and D. norvegica, may contribute to the total accumulation of toxins. The variability in the occurrence of these species is high at both short- and long-term; between days and between years. There are, however, some important overall patterns in the occurrence of the species during the last decades. Dinophysis acuminata and D. norvegica have mainly been abundant from March to December, whereas D. acuta has typically occurred in late summer and autumn (August-December). For all three species we have observed a narrowing of the peak season since 2002 at the same time as they have become less abundant. Coincident with these changes, the problem of the accumulation of DSP toxins in mussels along the southern coast of Norway has declined significantly, but it is still mainly restricted to the autumn. Why the cell concentration of Dinophysis spp. has declined after 2002 is not obvious, but this has occurred in a period with relatively high summer temperatures. The relatively simultaneous changes in physical, chemical and biological factors of the pelagic ecosystem along the southern coast of Norway indicate that complicated ecological interactions may be involved.
在挪威，贝类动物摄取有毒浮游植物，导致贝类体内累积藻毒素是一种众所周知的现象。25 年来的定期监测显示，贻贝中腹泻性贝类毒素（DSP）的累积是挪威沿海地区主要的藻毒素问题。本研究的目的是评估在挪威南部弗洛德文湾进行的密集和定期监测数据中，双鞭甲藻属（Dinophysis spp.）和 DSP 的时间变化趋势，以及双鞭甲藻属丰度与贝类毒素累积之间的可能相关性。在挪威，引发 DSP 风险的主要生物是短沟藻（Dinophysis acuta）。然而，不能排除其他双鞭甲藻属物种（如 D.acuminata 和 D.norvegica）可能对毒素的总累积有贡献。这些物种的短期和长期出现都具有高度的可变性，表现在日变化和年际变化上。然而，在过去几十年中，这些物种的出现存在一些重要的总体模式。D.acuminata 和 D.norvegica 主要在 3 月至 12 月期间丰富，而 D.acuta 通常在夏末和秋季（8 月至 12 月）出现。对于所有三个物种，我们观察到自 2002 年以来，它们的丰度降低的同时，其高峰期的时间也在缩短。伴随着这些变化，挪威南部沿海地区贝类中 DSP 毒素积累的问题显著减少，但仍主要集中在秋季。2002 年后双鞭甲藻属细胞浓度下降的原因尚不清楚，但这一现象发生在夏季温度相对较高的时期。同期，挪威南部沿海浮游生态系统的物理、化学和生物因素发生了相对变化，这表明可能涉及复杂的生态相互作用。
