Mazzei Juan Antonio, Rocher Adriana E, Palaoro Luis
Departamento de Medicina, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1425 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Medicina (B Aires). 2012;72(4):332-8.
Cellular analysis of sputum either spontaneous or by induced sputum technique, has become a widespread tool for the evaluation and guidance of treatment of inflammatory diseases of the airway, primarily asthma, COPD and eosinophilic bronchitis. Induced sputum method is a validated, standardized and non-invasive technique, useful in patients with difficulties to expectorate. Its implementation is simple and cost effective. Numerous investigations have shown the effectiveness of basing treatment decisions on the inflammatory component of the airway by counting cells in sputum. Several studies have demonstrated that in patients with asthma, results of this analysis can guide in defining strategies to reduce exacerbations and to improve lung function even in patients with severe asthma, as well as to decrease the remodeling; in addition, a reduction in exacerbations in COpD patients, monitored by this sputum examination, has also been described.
对痰液进行细胞分析，无论是自发性痰液还是通过诱导痰液技术获取的痰液，已成为评估和指导气道炎症性疾病（主要是哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病和嗜酸性粒细胞性支气管炎）治疗的广泛应用的工具。诱导痰液方法是一种经过验证的、标准化的非侵入性技术，对咳痰困难的患者很有用。其实施简单且成本效益高。大量研究表明，通过对痰液中的细胞进行计数，以气道炎症成分作为治疗决策依据是有效的。多项研究表明，对于哮喘患者，该分析结果可指导制定减少急性加重和改善肺功能的策略，即使是重度哮喘患者，还可减少重塑；此外，通过这种痰液检查监测，慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的急性加重次数也有所减少。
