Pediatric Research in Emergency Therapeutics program, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC.
Can Fam Physician. 2012 Aug;58(8):839-41.
Head lice infestations continue to be seen frequently in many communities. Some of these children require multiple treatments before eradication. What are the current treatment recommendations for head lice?
Head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) infestations are common, particularly among school-aged children. In order to minimize louse resistance, insecticide usage, and social stigmatization, diagnosis and treatment should be limited to those with live lice on the scalp. Options for management are predominantly topical therapies or physical removal. Large studies comparing the efficacy of these treatments are lacking. Treatment should be repeated in approximately 7 days if topical insecticides are used or every 2 to 3 days for 2 weeks if wet combing is used. Lice resistance patterns vary widely geographically, and resistance is now the most common cause of treatment failure.
头虱感染在许多社区仍频繁发生。有些儿童需要多次治疗才能根除。目前对头虱的治疗建议有哪些？
头虱（人虱）感染很常见，尤其是在学龄儿童中。为了最大限度地减少虱子耐药性、杀虫剂的使用和社会污名化，诊断和治疗应仅限于头皮上有活虱子的患者。管理的选择主要是局部治疗或物理去除。缺乏比较这些治疗方法疗效的大型研究。如果使用局部杀虫剂，治疗后大约 7 天应重复治疗；如果使用湿梳，每 2 至 3 天治疗一次，持续 2 周。虱子耐药模式在地理上差异很大，目前耐药性是治疗失败的最常见原因。
