Vandermeeren R, Hebbrecht M
Kliniksch Psycholoog en Psychoaanalytisch Psychotherapeut, P.C. Asster Sint-Truiden, en Werkzaam te Beverlo.
Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2012;54(8):731-40.
Neurobiology and cognitive psychology have provided us with a dual process model of addiction. According to this model, behavior is considered to be the dynamic result of a combination of automatic and controlling processes. In cases of addiction the balance between these two processes is severely disturbed. Automated processes will continue to produce impulses that ensure the continuance of addictive behavior. Weak, reflective or controlling processes are both the reason for and the result of the inability to forgo addiction.
To identify features that are common to current neurocognitive insights into addiction and psychodynamic views on addiction.
The picture that emerges from research is not clear. There is some evidence that attentional bias has a causal effect on addiction. There is no evidence that automatic associations have a causal effect, but there is some evidence that automatic action-tendencies do have a causal effect.
Current neurocognitive views on the dual process model of addiction can be integrated with an evidence-based approach to addiction and with psychodynamic views on addiction.
神经生物学和认知心理学为我们提供了成瘾的双重过程模型。根据该模型，行为被视为自动过程和控制过程相结合的动态结果。在成瘾情况下，这两个过程之间的平衡受到严重干扰。自动过程会持续产生冲动，以确保成瘾行为的持续。薄弱的、反思性的或控制性的过程既是无法戒除成瘾的原因，也是其结果。
确定当前对成瘾的神经认知见解与成瘾的心理动力学观点的共同特征。
研究得出的情况并不清晰。有一些证据表明注意偏向对成瘾有因果影响。没有证据表明自动联想有因果影响，但有一些证据表明自动行动倾向确实有因果影响。
当前关于成瘾双重过程模型的神经认知观点可以与基于证据的成瘾方法以及成瘾的心理动力学观点相结合。
