Oda Masataka
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University.
Nihon Rinsho. 2012 Aug;70(8):1313-7.
Clostridium perfringens causes gas gangrene with inflammatory myopathies and infrequently septicemia associated with massive intravascular hemolysis. The microorganism is known to produce a variety of toxins and enzymes that are responsible for severe myonecrotic lesions. Notably, alpha-toxin, which possesses hemolytic, necrotic and lethal activities, and phospholipase C and sphingomyelinase activities, is an important agent for the diseases. The cytokine storm induced by alpha-toxin, mainly the release of TNF-alpha, plays an important role in the death and massive hemolysis. The toxin-induced release of TNF-alpha from neutrophils and macrophages is dependent on the activation of ERK1/2 signal transduction via TrkA receptor. In addition, 14- and 15-membered macrolides specifically block the toxin-induced events through the activation of neutrophils and macrophages.
产气荚膜梭菌可导致伴有炎症性肌病的气性坏疽，偶尔也会引起与大量血管内溶血相关的败血症。已知该微生物会产生多种毒素和酶，这些毒素和酶会导致严重的肌坏死病变。值得注意的是，具有溶血、坏死和致死活性以及磷脂酶C和鞘磷脂酶活性的α毒素是引发这些疾病的重要因素。α毒素诱导的细胞因子风暴，主要是肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）的释放，在死亡和大量溶血中起重要作用。毒素诱导中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞释放TNF-α依赖于通过TrkA受体激活ERK1/2信号转导。此外，14元和15元大环内酯类药物通过激活中性粒细胞和巨噬细胞特异性地阻断毒素诱导的事件。
