Yano Kunio
Department of Infectious Diseases, Hamamatsu Medical Center.
Nihon Rinsho. 2012 Aug;70(8):1386-90.
Hepatitis A and E viruses are spread via the fecal-oral route. In the endemic area, restaurant and school outbreaks due to contaminated water or food have been reported. The clinical signs and symptoms in patients with typical hepatitis A and E are similar to those seen with other forms of acute viral hepatitis. Hepatitis A tends to be more severe when acquired at older ages. Hepatitis E appears to be relatively severe compared with hepatitis A. Although both hepatitis are self-limited illness, severe hepatits are rarely observed. Hepatitis A and E can be prevented by improved sanitary conditions, handwashing, heating foods appropriately. Avoidance of water and foods from endemic areas is also effective.
甲型肝炎病毒和戊型肝炎病毒通过粪口途径传播。在流行地区,曾有因水源或食物污染导致餐馆和学校爆发疫情的报道。典型的甲型肝炎和戊型肝炎患者的临床体征和症状与其他形式的急性病毒性肝炎相似。甲型肝炎在老年人中感染时往往病情更严重。与甲型肝炎相比,戊型肝炎似乎病情相对更严重。虽然这两种肝炎都是自限性疾病,但很少观察到严重肝炎。改善卫生条件、洗手、适当加热食物可预防甲型肝炎和戊型肝炎。避免食用来自流行地区的水和食物也有效。