MARCS Institute, University of Western Sydney, Penrith South, New South Wales 2751, Australia.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2012 Aug;132(2):EL155-60. doi: 10.1121/1.4737596.
Studies of spoken-word recognition have revealed that competition from embedded words differs in strength as a function of where in the carrier word the embedded word is found and have further shown embedding patterns to be skewed such that embeddings in initial position in carriers outnumber embeddings in final position. Lexico-statistical analyses show that this skew is highly attenuated in Japanese, a noninflectional language. Comparison of the extent of the asymmetry in the three Germanic languages English, Dutch, and German allows the source to be traced to a combination of suffixal morphology and vowel reduction in unstressed syllables.
口语识别研究表明，嵌入式单词的竞争强度因嵌入式单词在载体单词中的位置而异，并且进一步表明嵌入模式存在偏差，使得载体单词开头的嵌入比结尾的嵌入多。词汇统计分析表明，这种偏差在非屈折语言日语中高度减弱。对三种日耳曼语系语言（英语、荷兰语和德语）的不对称程度的比较，可以追溯到后缀形态和非重读音节元音弱化的组合。
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