Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia. wayne @ichr.uwa.edu.au
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2012 Oct;8(10):1469-78. doi: 10.4161/hv.20812. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
HDM allergy is associated with asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis. In many countries childhood asthma is predominantly found in HDM-allergic children with their probability of developing disease being proportional to their IgE antibody titers and the early development of Th2 responses. While the pathogenesis is complex and increasingly linked to infection the immunologically-based allergen immunotherapy and anti-IgE antibody therapy are highly beneficial. Immunotherapy could be a short-term treatment providing lifelong relief but the current regimens depend on repeated administration of allergen over years. Immunological investigations point to a contribution of responses outside the Th2 pathway and multiple potential but unproven control mechanisms. Over half of the IgE antibodies are directed to the group 1 and 2 allergens with most of remainder to the group 4, 5, 7 and 21 allergens. This hierarchy found in high and low responders provides a platform for introducing defined allergens into immunotherapy and defined reagents for investigation.
HDM 过敏与哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和特应性皮炎有关。在许多国家，儿童哮喘主要发生在 HDM 过敏的儿童中，他们患病的概率与 IgE 抗体滴度和 Th2 反应的早期发展成正比。虽然发病机制复杂，并且越来越与感染有关，但基于免疫的过敏原免疫治疗和抗 IgE 抗体治疗非常有效。免疫疗法可以作为一种短期治疗方法，提供终身缓解，但目前的方案依赖于多年来反复给予过敏原。免疫学研究表明，Th2 途径以外的反应有一定作用，并且存在多种潜在但未经证实的控制机制。超过一半的 IgE 抗体针对第 1 组和第 2 组过敏原，其余大部分针对第 4、5、7 和 21 组过敏原。这种在高反应者和低反应者中发现的等级结构为将定义明确的过敏原引入免疫治疗和定义明确的试剂用于研究提供了一个平台。
