Center for Clinical Heart Research, Department of Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway.
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2012 Dec;10(6):400-6. doi: 10.1089/met.2012.0052. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
Fractalkine and its receptor CX3CR1 are associated with atherosclerosis. In vitro studies have shown increased expression of fractalkine in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells when stimulated with a high concentration of glucose. Increased serum levels of fractalkine have been shown in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and also in unstable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. We investigated whether CAD patients with T2DM or metabolic syndrome have increased circulating and gene expression levels of fractalkine compared to CAD patients without these conditions.
Serum levels of fractalkine were analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method in 1001 patients with angiographically verified CAD, of which 200 had T2DM and 244 had metabolic syndrome. All patients were taking aspirin as an antithrombotic treatment. Gene expression of fractalkine and CX3CR1 in circulating leukocytes was explored in a subset of patients (n=168).
We found no significant difference in circulating levels of fractalkine in patients with T2DM [653 (556, 775) pg/mL] compared to patients without T2DM [646 (553, 761) pg/mL], p=0.50. There was also no difference between patients with and without metabolic syndrome (p=0.60). Fractalkine was not expressed in circulating leukocytes, and CX3CR1 was not expressed differently between any of the groups (p=0.13 and p=0.32, respectively). Smokers had lower fractalkine levels (p<0.001), and patients on angiotensin II receptor blockers had higher levels (p=0.047) compared to nonaffected patients.
In the present CAD population, no differences in circulating levels of fractalkine or expression levels of CX3CR1 were observed between patients with and without T2DM, or with and without metabolic syndrome, which may be related to their underlying disease.
趋化因子 fractalkine 及其受体 CX3CR1 与动脉粥样硬化有关。体外研究表明，高浓度葡萄糖刺激可使内皮细胞和血管平滑肌细胞 fractalkine 表达增加。已在 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者和不稳定型冠状动脉疾病（CAD）患者的血清中观察到 fractalkine 水平升高。我们研究了与无这些疾病的 CAD 患者相比，患有 T2DM 或代谢综合征的 CAD 患者是否具有更高的循环 fractalkine 水平和基因表达水平。
通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）方法分析了 1001 例经血管造影证实的 CAD 患者的血清 fractalkine 水平，其中 200 例患有 T2DM，244 例患有代谢综合征。所有患者均服用阿司匹林作为抗血栓治疗。在一组患者（n=168）中探索了循环白细胞中 fractalkine 和 CX3CR1 的基因表达。
我们发现，与无 T2DM 的患者相比，T2DM 患者的循环 fractalkine 水平无显著差异[653（553，775）pg/mL 比 646（553，761）pg/mL，p=0.50]。患有和不患有代谢综合征的患者之间也没有差异（p=0.60）。循环白细胞中未表达 fractalkine，各组之间 CX3CR1 的表达也没有差异（p=0.13 和 p=0.32）。与未受影响的患者相比，吸烟者的 fractalkine 水平较低（p<0.001），而服用血管紧张素 II 受体阻滞剂的患者的水平较高（p=0.047）。
在本 CAD 人群中，与无 T2DM 或代谢综合征的患者相比，患有 T2DM 或代谢综合征的患者的循环 fractalkine 水平或 CX3CR1 的表达水平没有差异，这可能与他们的潜在疾病有关。
