Food Standards Australia New Zealand, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Med J Aust. 2012 Aug 20;197(4):238-42. doi: 10.5694/mja12.10220.
To identify a level of iodine supplementation to recommend for pregnant and breastfeeding women in Australia.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Dietary modelling indicated that mandatory fortification of bread with iodine by replacing salt with iodised salt would still leave a gap in iodine intakes in pregnant and breastfeeding women in Australia. Iodine shortfall was estimated by two separate methods: (i) analysis of data from published studies reporting mean urinary iodine concentrations in populations of Australian women who were pregnant or had given birth in the past 6 months; and (ii) modelling based on the postmandatory fortification iodine intake estimates calculated by Food Standards Australia New Zealand using food consumption reported by women aged 19-44 years who participated in the 1995 National Nutrition Survey.
Estimated level of daily supplementation required to provide sufficient iodine to result in a low proportion of pregnant and breastfeeding women having inadequate iodine intakes.
Estimations from both data sources indicate that a supplement of 100-150 μg/day would increase iodine intakes to a suitable extent in pregnant and breastfeeding women in Australia.
The final level of supplementation we recommend should be based on these calculations and other factors. There will be population subgroups for whom our general recommendation is not appropriate.
为澳大利亚的孕妇和哺乳期妇女确定碘补充的推荐水平。
设计、设置和参与者：膳食模型表明，通过用碘盐代替盐对面包进行强制性加碘，仍会导致澳大利亚孕妇和哺乳期妇女碘摄入量不足。通过两种独立的方法估计碘缺乏量：（i）分析报告过去 6 个月内澳大利亚怀孕或分娩的妇女群体平均尿碘浓度的已发表研究数据；（ii）根据澳大利亚新西兰食品标准局使用 1995 年全国营养调查中 19-44 岁妇女报告的食物摄入量计算的强制性加碘后碘摄入量估计值进行建模。
估计每日需要补充的碘量，以提供足够的碘，使少数孕妇和哺乳期妇女碘摄入量不足。
两种数据源的估计都表明，补充 100-150μg/天的碘将在澳大利亚的孕妇和哺乳期妇女中适度增加碘摄入量。
我们建议的最终补充水平应基于这些计算和其他因素。对于我们的一般建议不适用的人群亚组，应考虑特殊情况。
