Wang Hai-Feng, Wang Jian-Song
Department of Urology, Yunnan Institute of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(5):1723-6. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.5.1723.
To summarize and evaluate various urinary markers for early detection, diagnosis and follow-up of human bladder cancer.
A MEDLINE and PUBMED search of the latest literature on urinary markers for bladder cancer was performed. We reviewed these published reports and made a critical analysis.
Most urinary markers tend to be less specific than cytology, yielding more false-positive results, but demonstrating an advantage in terms of sensitivity, especially for detecting low grade, superficial tumors. Some tumor markers appear to be good candidates for early detection, diagnosis, and follow-up of human bladder cancer.
A number of urinary markers are currently available that appear to be a applicable for clinical detection, diagnosis, and follow-up of bladder cancer. However, further studies are required to determine their accuracy and widespread applicability.
总结并评估用于人类膀胱癌早期检测、诊断及随访的各种尿液标志物。
对MEDLINE和PUBMED上有关膀胱癌尿液标志物的最新文献进行检索。我们回顾了这些已发表的报告并进行了批判性分析。
大多数尿液标志物的特异性往往低于细胞学检查，产生更多假阳性结果，但在敏感性方面具有优势，尤其是对于检测低级别、浅表性肿瘤。一些肿瘤标志物似乎是人类膀胱癌早期检测、诊断及随访的良好候选指标。
目前有多种尿液标志物可用于膀胱癌的临床检测、诊断及随访。然而，需要进一步研究以确定它们的准确性和广泛适用性。
