Yassibaş Emine, Arslan Perihan, Yalçin Suayib
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(5):2291-7.
Gastric cancer is an important public health problem in the world and Turkey. In addition to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), smoking, alcohol consumption and family history, certain dietary factors have been associated with its occurrence. The impact of dietary habits and life-style factors on the risk of gastric cancer in Turkey were evaluated in this study.
A questionnaire was applied to 106 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 106 controls without cancer matched for age (range 28-85 years) and gender selected from a hospital based population. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated with logistic regression analysis.
The incidence of H. pylori was 81.3% in patients. Frequent consumption of salty dishes, very salty foods like pickles, soup mixes, sausages, foods at hot temperature (ORs=3.686, 7.784, 5.264, 3.148 and 3.273 respectively) and adding salt without tasting (OR=4.198) were associated with increased gastric risk. Also heavy smoking and high amount of alcohol consumption (p=0.000) were risk factors. Frequent consumption of green vegetables, onion, garlic and dried fruits (ORs=0.569, 0.092, 0.795 and 0.041) was non- significantly associated with decreased risk.
Improved dietary habits, reducing salt consumption and eradication of H. pylori infection may provide protection against gastric cancer in Turkey.
胃癌是全球及土耳其的一个重要公共卫生问题。除幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）、吸烟、饮酒和家族史外，某些饮食因素也与其发生有关。本研究评估了土耳其饮食习惯和生活方式因素对胃癌风险的影响。
对从医院人群中选取的106例胃腺癌患者和106例年龄（28 - 85岁）及性别匹配的无癌对照者进行问卷调查。采用逻辑回归分析计算调整后的比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
患者中幽门螺杆菌感染率为81.3%。经常食用咸味菜肴、泡菜、汤料、香肠等高盐食物、热食（OR分别为3.686、7.784、5.264、3.148和3.273）以及不尝就加盐（OR = 4.198）与胃癌风险增加有关。大量吸烟和大量饮酒（p = 0.000）也是危险因素。经常食用绿色蔬菜、洋葱、大蒜和干果（OR分别为0.569、0.092、0.795和0.041）与风险降低无显著关联。
改善饮食习惯、减少盐摄入量以及根除幽门螺杆菌感染可能为土耳其人预防胃癌提供保护。
