Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Sci Total Environ. 2012 Oct 15;437:42-52. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.07.045. Epub 2012 Aug 16.
Catchment management integrates a wide range of water management aspects taking into account the interaction between land-use and water quality. While most sources of pollution can be identified, monitoring and tackling diffuse pollution are difficult due to the abundance of its sources and pathways. As a result, the application of risk assessment of diffuse pollution at the catchment level has been limited. This study aimed to develop a risk-based approach to rank and prioritise catchments based on the need for managing diffuse metal pollution, using a multi-criteria evaluation framework. Source-pathway-receptor linkages were the basis for the selection of criteria and associated indicators. The methodology was applied to eight catchments located in the Humber River Basin District (RBD) that were comparatively evaluated, and difficulties in selecting weightings for the criteria used were discussed. Results showed that Don and Rother, Aire and Calder and Trent were the three catchments with the highest risk of diffuse metal pollution in this RBD. The findings demonstrate the potential of the proposed risk-based approach to inform more detailed investigations to follow and prioritise the need for investments on relevant programmes to prevent diffuse metal pollution in catchments where these are needed most.
集水区管理综合了广泛的水管理方面，考虑到土地利用和水质之间的相互作用。虽然大多数污染来源都可以识别，但由于其来源和途径众多，监测和处理分散性污染是困难的。因此，在集水区层面上应用分散性污染风险评估的应用受到限制。本研究旨在开发一种基于风险的方法，根据管理分散性金属污染的需要，对集水区进行排名和优先排序，使用多标准评估框架。源-途径-受体联系是选择标准和相关指标的基础。该方法应用于位于亨伯流域地区（RBD）的八个集水区进行比较评估，并讨论了为使用的标准选择权重的困难。结果表明，唐河、罗瑟河、艾尔河和卡尔德河以及特伦特河是该 RBD 中分散性金属污染风险最高的三个集水区。研究结果表明，拟议的基于风险的方法具有潜力，可以为后续更详细的调查提供信息，并根据需要对相关方案进行投资，以优先预防这些集水区的分散性金属污染。
