Rundek T, Demarin V, Blazić-Cop N, Dordević V
University Department of Neurology, University Hospital Dr. Mladen Stojanović, Zagreb.
Neurologija. 1990;39(3):169-77.
The group of 98 "healthy smokers" was analyzed in order to evaluate potential influence of cigarette smoking on intracranial blood flow disturbances and extracranial carotid intimal changes, performing transcranial Doppler (TCD) and Duplex scanning of the carotid arteries. Almost 70% of smokers analyzed in our study had some intracranial circulatory changes, predominantly in the vertebral arteries (35%). Half of smokers analyzed had some pathological intimal changes in the carotid arteries. The most frequent finding was wall thickening (23%) and then calcified (13%) and soft plaques (10%). Dose response relationship between smoking and atherosclerosis is also introduced. More than 30 cigarettes smoked per day can significantly influence plaque development and already 20 cigarettes smoked per day can cause significant intracranial blood flow disturbances. The majority of our investigated smokers were in high risk category for development of cerebrovascular disease and 5% were in a very high risk category. Cessation of cigarette smoking will eliminate it as a risk factor. A low dose-response relation and the development of tolerance produced by exposure to nicotine were also introduced.
对98名“健康吸烟者”进行了分析，通过经颅多普勒（TCD）和颈动脉双功扫描来评估吸烟对颅内血流紊乱和颅外颈动脉内膜变化的潜在影响。在我们的研究中，近70%的吸烟者存在一些颅内循环变化，主要发生在椎动脉（35%）。一半接受分析的吸烟者颈动脉内膜有一些病理性变化。最常见的发现是管壁增厚（23%），其次是钙化（13%）和软斑（10%）。还介绍了吸烟与动脉粥样硬化之间的剂量反应关系。每天吸烟超过30支会显著影响斑块形成，每天吸20支烟就会导致明显的颅内血流紊乱。我们调查的大多数吸烟者属于脑血管疾病发展的高危类别，5%属于极高危类别。戒烟将消除其作为一个危险因素。还介绍了低剂量反应关系以及接触尼古丁产生的耐受性发展情况。
