Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Science, La Habana, Cuba.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2013 Mar;24(3):262-9. doi: 10.1111/clr.12006. Epub 2012 Aug 21.
To evaluate the influence of the presence or absence of adjacent teeth on the level of the mesial and distal alveolar bony crest following healing at sites where implants were installed immediately into extraction sockets.
Six Labrador dogs were used. In the right side of the mandible, full-thickness flaps were elevated, and the second, third, and fourth premolars and first molars were extracted. In the left side of the mandible, endodontic treatments of the mesial roots of the third and fourth premolars as well as of the first molars were performed. Full-thickness flaps were elevated, the teeth were hemi-sected, and the distal roots were removed. The second premolars were extracted as well. Subsequently, implants were bilaterally installed with the implant shoulder flush with the buccal bony crest. Implants were placed in the center of the alveoli, but at the fourth premolars, they were placed toward the lingual bony plate of the alveoli. After 3 months of healing, the animals were euthanized and histological sections of the sites prepared.
Larger bony crest resorption was observed at the test compared with the control sites, both at the bucco-lingual and mesio-distal aspects. The differences between test and controls for the coronal level of osseointegration were smaller than those for resorption. When data from all mesial and distal sites facing an adjacent tooth were collapsed and compared with those opposing an edentulous zone, lower bony crest resorption and deeper residual marginal defects were found at the sites with neighboring teeth.
The extraction of teeth adjacent to a socket into which implants were installed immediately after tooth extraction caused more alveolar bone resorption both for the bucco-lingual and at the mesio-distal aspects compared with sites adjacent to a maintained tooth.
评估在即刻植入种植体的拔牙窝中，邻牙的存在与否对愈合后近远中牙槽嵴顶水平的影响。
使用 6 只 Labrador 犬。在右侧下颌骨，掀起全厚瓣，拔除第二、三、四前磨牙和第一磨牙。在左侧下颌骨，进行第三和第四前磨牙以及第一磨牙的近中根的牙髓治疗。掀起全厚瓣，将牙齿斜切成两半，并去除远中根。第二前磨牙也被拔除。随后，在双侧牙槽窝中植入种植体，使种植体肩与颊侧牙槽嵴平齐。种植体放置在牙槽的中心，但在第四前磨牙处，种植体向牙槽的舌侧骨板放置。愈合 3 个月后，处死动物并制备位点的组织学切片。
与对照组相比，实验组在颊舌向和近远中向的牙槽嵴顶吸收更大。实验组与对照组在骨整合的冠方水平上的差异小于吸收的差异。当将所有面对邻牙的近远中位点的数据与面对无牙区的位点进行合并比较时，发现有邻牙的位点牙槽嵴顶吸收较低，残留边缘缺损较深。
与植入体植入后保留邻牙的拔牙窝相比，植入体即刻植入拔牙窝中相邻牙齿的牙槽骨吸收更多，无论是颊舌向还是近远中向。
