Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medical Science, Habana, Cuba.
Clin Oral Implants Res. 2012 Apr;23(4):402-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2011.02343.x. Epub 2011 Oct 20.
To evaluate the influence of the presence of both adjacent teeth on the level of alveolar bony crest at sites where implants were installed into the socket immediately after tooth extraction.
Six Labrador dogs were used. Extractions of all teeth from the second premolar to the first molar were performed in the right side of the mandible, after full-thickness flap elevation. In the left side of the mandible, an endodontic treatment of the mesial root of the third and fourth premolars was performed. Full-thickness flaps were elevated, the teeth hemi-sected, and the distal roots removed. Immediately after, implants were bilaterally installed with the margin flush to the buccal bony crest. The implants were placed in the center of the alveolus at the third premolars and toward the lingual bony plate of the alveolus at the fourth premolars. After 3 months of healing, the animals were euthanized.
All implants were integrated in mature bone. More bone resorption was observed at the test compared to the control sites. At the buccal aspect, a resorption of 2.8 ± 0.5 and 1.6 ± 0.4 mm at the third premolars and of 2.4 ± 0.6 and 0.8 ± 0.7 mm at the fourth premolars were found, at the test and control sites, respectively. At the lingual aspect, the bony crest was apically located in relation to the implant shoulder 1.5 ± 0.3 and 0.5 ± 0.5 mm at the third premolars and 1.6 ± 0.6 and 0.3 ± 1.1 mm at the fourth premolars, at the test and control sites, respectively. A lower buccal bone resorption was found at the control implants placed lingually.
Multiple extractions of teeth adjacent to a socket into which implants were installed immediately after, tooth extraction induced more alveolar bone recession compared to sites where the adjacent teeth were preserved. Moreover, an implant placed more lingually yielded less recession of the buccal aspect of the implant.
评估在拔牙后即刻将种植体植入牙槽窝时，相邻牙齿的存在对牙槽嵴顶水平的影响。
使用 6 只拉布拉多犬。在右侧下颌骨行第二前磨牙至第一磨牙的全厚瓣掀起后行所有牙齿拔除。在左侧下颌骨行第三、第四前磨牙近中根的牙髓治疗。行全厚瓣掀起，将牙齿半切，去除远中根。即刻于双侧植入种植体，边缘平齐颊侧骨嵴。种植体放置于第三前磨牙的牙槽窝中心，第四前磨牙的种植体向牙槽骨舌侧骨板方向植入。愈合 3 个月后处死动物。
所有种植体均与成熟骨结合。实验组较对照组观察到更多的骨吸收。颊侧方面，第三前磨牙的吸收量为 2.8±0.5mm 和 1.6±0.4mm，第四前磨牙的吸收量为 2.4±0.6mm 和 0.8±0.7mm，分别为实验组和对照组。舌侧方面，种植体肩顶位于牙槽嵴顶上方 1.5±0.3mm 和 0.5±0.5mm，第三前磨牙和 1.6±0.6mm 和 0.3±1.1mm，第四前磨牙，分别为实验组和对照组。放置于牙槽骨舌侧的对照组种植体颊侧的骨吸收量较低。
拔牙后即刻将种植体植入拔牙窝时，多个相邻牙齿的拔除导致牙槽骨吸收量大于保留相邻牙齿的部位。此外，种植体更向舌侧植入时，颊侧的骨吸收量更少。
