Department of Neurology & Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Pharmacogenomics. 2012 Jul;13(10):1161-72. doi: 10.2217/pgs.12.99.
Alcohol-use disorders are thought to be heterogeneous in etiology, pathophysiology and response to treatment. One hypothesized contributor to this variability is the common A118G polymorphism of the µ-opioid receptor gene, OPRM1. This article critically evaluates the evidence that the A118G substitution affects subjective, behavioral and neurobiological responses to alcohol and the opioid receptor antagonist, naltrexone. Although screening of patients in a clinical setting remains premature, results suggest the A118G substitution may influence one etiological pathway to alcoholism, for which naltrexone pharmacotherapy is more effective.
酒精使用障碍的病因学、病理生理学和治疗反应被认为存在异质性。一个被假设的导致这种变异性的因素是μ-阿片受体基因（OPRM1）的常见 A118G 多态性。本文批判性地评估了 A118G 取代是否会影响对酒精和阿片受体拮抗剂纳曲酮的主观、行为和神经生物学反应的证据。尽管在临床环境中对患者进行筛查还为时过早，但结果表明 A118G 取代可能会影响酒精成瘾的一个病因途径，对于这种途径，纳曲酮药物治疗更为有效。
