Vincent J H
Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, Scotland, U.K.
Ann Occup Hyg. 1990 Dec;34(6):623-37. doi: 10.1093/annhyg/34.6.623.
This paper draws together the various factors which govern the fate of inhaled particulate matter, focusing primarily on insoluble material. It includes a review of some of the key relevant experimental physical data which have led to our current state of understanding about the physical processes by which particles enter the body through the nose and/or mouth during breathing and by which they may be deposited in the various regions of the respiratory tract. It goes on to review the biological (and biophysical) data relevant to the processes by which the lung tries to eliminate the deposited material and discusses how the knowledge gained might be used as a basis for pharmacokinetic models for describing the fate of the inhaled material. Finally, the paper suggests how the cumulative body of knowledge might be used as a starting point for dosimetric models for the assessment of risk to health associated with aerosol inhalation in the occupational environment.
本文汇总了决定吸入颗粒物命运的各种因素，主要聚焦于不溶性物质。文中回顾了一些关键的相关实验物理数据，这些数据使我们对颗粒在呼吸过程中通过鼻子和/或嘴巴进入人体以及可能在呼吸道各个区域沉积的物理过程有了当前的理解状态。接着，本文回顾了与肺部试图清除沉积物质的过程相关的生物学（和生物物理学）数据，并讨论了所获得的知识如何可作为描述吸入物质命运的药代动力学模型的基础。最后，本文提出如何将累积的知识体系用作剂量测定模型的起点，以评估职业环境中气溶胶吸入对健康造成的风险。
