Contreras C M, Marvan M L, Mexicano G, Puente A, Morfin A
Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, U.N.A.M., Universidad Veracruzana, México.
Bol Estud Med Biol. 1990 Jan-Jun;38(1-2):10-5.
Ketamine is an anaesthetic interacting with several neurotransmitters. Among others, ketamine exerts some cholinergic actions (ACh). This paper presents the results of studying the interaction of ketamine with ACh in two animal species. Atropine slightly increased the time of immobility produced by ketamine injections in rats. Meanwhile, neostigmine slightly decreased such immobility. Ketamine resulted similar in behavioral actions and shared some electroencephalographic (EEG) actions of scopolamine in cats. The most striking interaction consisted on an antagonism of ketamine on the action of anticholinesterase agents. In both species, ketamine blocked the EEG and the behavioral toxic effects of neostigmine and physostigmine. Notwithstanding, the anticholinesterase agents were unable in reducing the actions of ketamine. This partial cholinergic agonist action of ketamine support certain but limited use of the anesthetic against insecticidal anticholinesterase poisoning.
氯胺酮是一种与多种神经递质相互作用的麻醉剂。其中,氯胺酮具有一些胆碱能作用(乙酰胆碱)。本文介绍了在两种动物物种中研究氯胺酮与乙酰胆碱相互作用的结果。阿托品略微延长了氯胺酮注射在大鼠中产生的不动时间。同时,新斯的明略微缩短了这种不动时间。氯胺酮在行为作用上与东莨菪碱相似,并在猫中具有一些共同的脑电图(EEG)作用。最显著的相互作用是氯胺酮对抗胆碱酯酶药物作用的拮抗作用。在这两种物种中,氯胺酮阻断了新斯的明和毒扁豆碱的脑电图和行为毒性作用。尽管如此,抗胆碱酯酶药物无法减弱氯胺酮的作用。氯胺酮的这种部分胆碱能激动剂作用支持了该麻醉剂在一定程度上但有限地用于对抗杀虫性抗胆碱酯酶中毒。