Nolan L, Patritti Benjamin L, Simpson Kathy J
Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Prosthet Orthot Int. 2012 Sep;36(3):297-305. doi: 10.1177/0309364612448877.
Increasing numbers of long jumpers with lower limb amputations choose to take off from their prosthetic limb. It is not yet known what difference in technique, if any, this requires, or which is more advantageous.
To investigate kinematic differences in long jump technique in athletes with a unilateral transtibial ampution (TT) who take off from their prosthetic limb versus those who take off from their intact limb.
Naturalistic, field-based, observational; independent group, nonparametric comparison.
Two-dimensional sagittal plane kinematic analysis was performed on all athletes competing in the men's Paralympic TT long jump finals. Five athletes took off from their prosthetic limb (TO(prosth)) and five from their intact limb (TO(intact)).
No differences were seen between the two groups in terms of jump distance, approach speed or vertical velocity at touch down. While in contact with the take-off board, the two groups gained a similar amount of vertical velocity. However, the TO(prosth) group appeared to conserve horizontal velocity by using the prosthesis as a 'springboard', minimizing the large hip and knee range of motion displayed by the TO(intact) group and athletes in previous studies.
While differences in technique were observed, no difference was found for jump distance.
越来越多的下肢截肢跳远运动员选择用假肢起跳。目前尚不清楚这在技术上需要哪些差异（如果存在的话），或者哪种方式更具优势。
研究单侧胫骨截肢（TT）运动员用假肢起跳与用健全肢体起跳时跳远技术的运动学差异。
自然主义、基于场地的观察性研究；独立组、非参数比较。
对参加男子残奥会TT级跳远决赛的所有运动员进行二维矢状面运动学分析。五名运动员用假肢起跳（TO（假肢）组），五名运动员用健全肢体起跳（TO（健全）组）。
两组在跳远距离、助跑速度或触地时的垂直速度方面均无差异。在与起跳板接触时，两组获得的垂直速度相似。然而，TO（假肢）组似乎通过将假肢用作“跳板”来保持水平速度，使TO（健全）组和以往研究中的运动员所表现出的较大的髋部和膝部运动范围最小化。
虽然观察到技术上存在差异，但在跳远距离上未发现差异。
