Chowdhury Shouvik, Singh Madhumati, Shah Anjan
Department of Dental Implantology and Facial Aesthetic Centre, Hosmat Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India .
Contemp Clin Dent. 2012 Apr;3(2):227-9. doi: 10.4103/0976-237X.96839.
Use of vasoconstrictors in local anaesthesia is well known. The study was done on 30 patients who underwent removal of bilateral impacted third molars. The aim of the study was to compare the efficacy of lignocaine with clonidine and lignocaine with adrenaline in respect to onset, duration of anaesthesia, and postoperative analgesia along with hemodynamic stability (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, heart rate in intraoral nerve block. The patients were randomly selected of both sexes (male and female) between the age group of 18-40 years. Patients received 2 mL of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline (12.5 μg/mL) on one side and 2 mL of 2% lignocaine with clonidine (15 μg/mL) on the other side at two different appointments. 2 millilitres of drug was administered in both the test group and the control group. Statistically there was significant decrease in intraoperative and postoperative systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate in the lignocaine with clonidine group. The efficacy of clonidine based on visual analog scale was similar to adrenaline. No significant operative complications were observed.
局部麻醉中使用血管收缩剂是众所周知的。该研究针对30例接受双侧阻生第三磨牙拔除术的患者进行。研究目的是比较利多卡因与可乐定、利多卡因与肾上腺素在麻醉起效时间、麻醉持续时间、术后镇痛以及血流动力学稳定性（口腔内神经阻滞时的收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压、心率）方面的疗效。患者为年龄在18至40岁之间的随机选取的男女两性。患者在两次不同的就诊时，一侧接受2毫升含肾上腺素（12.5微克/毫升）的2%利多卡因，另一侧接受2毫升含可乐定（15微克/毫升）的2%利多卡因。试验组和对照组均给予2毫升药物。统计学上，含可乐定的利多卡因组术中及术后的收缩压、舒张压、平均动脉压和心率均有显著下降。基于视觉模拟评分法，可乐定的疗效与肾上腺素相似。未观察到明显的手术并发症。
