Famiglietti E V
Lions Sight Centre, University of Calgary Faculty of Medicine, Alta., Canada.
Brain Res. 1990 Dec 3;535(1):174-9. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(90)91839-9.
Horizontal cells of vertebrate retina play an important role in the formation of visual receptive field surrounds of bipolar cells, and hence in the centre-surround receptive field organization of retinal ganglion cells. In some retinas, horizontal cells also play a major functional role in the first stage of colour-coding of visual stimuli. We have identified a new type of horizontal cell, called 'type C', in rabbit retina, which unlike type A and type B horizontal cells, contacts only a small fraction of cone photoreceptors, possibly blue cones. The multiple, sparsely branched axons of type C cells are well-positioned to contact bipolar dendrites in a feedforward manner. In summary, we propose (1) that the presence in rabbit retina of 3 types of cone horizontal cell, A, B, and C, may represent a more common pattern in mammalian retinae, shared with many non-mammalian retinas which contain colour-coded neurons, (2) that type C cells connect principally to blue cones, and (3) that type C cells are more common in retinas, such as those of squirrels, and to a lesser extent rabbits, in which blue cones play a major role in the colour coding of visual signals.
脊椎动物视网膜的水平细胞在双极细胞视觉感受野周边的形成中发挥着重要作用，进而在视网膜神经节细胞的中心 - 周边感受野组织中起作用。在一些视网膜中，水平细胞在视觉刺激颜色编码的第一阶段也发挥着主要功能作用。我们在兔视网膜中鉴定出一种新型的水平细胞，称为“C型”，它与A型和B型水平细胞不同，仅与一小部分视锥光感受器接触，可能是蓝视锥细胞。C型细胞的多个稀疏分支轴突以前馈方式与双极树突接触的位置良好。总之，我们提出：（1）兔视网膜中存在A、B、C三种类型的视锥水平细胞，这可能代表了哺乳动物视网膜中更常见的模式，与许多含有颜色编码神经元的非哺乳动物视网膜相同；（2）C型细胞主要与蓝视锥细胞相连；（3）C型细胞在诸如松鼠视网膜中更常见，在兔视网膜中程度稍低，其中蓝视锥细胞在视觉信号的颜色编码中起主要作用。
