Clinical Research Centre, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Curr Mol Med. 2012 Dec;12(10):1329-39. doi: 10.2174/156652412803833544.
Allergic diseases are major diseases involving approximately 22% of world population. In recent years, accumulated evidence suggests that apart from IgE, allergens may provoke immediate allergic reactions via other pathways such as IgG, toll like receptor (TLR) dependent ones. In addition, large numbers of low molecular weight molecules (LMWM) such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and iodinated contrast agents have been observed to cause allergy. Therefore, the current definition of allergy, a group of IgE mediated diseases appears difficult to cover all allergic reactions. Since even IgE dependent allergic reactions are carried out through activation of mast cells and basophils, and all allergens mentioned above can activate these cells, we hypothesize that allergic reactions are mast cell and basophil mediated inflammatory process as it is the activated mast cells and basophils that initiate the pathological process of the immediate allergic reactions, whereas IgE only serves as one of the activators of these cells.
过敏性疾病是一种主要疾病，约影响世界人口的 22%。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，除了 IgE 之外，过敏原可能通过其他途径如 IgG、Toll 样受体（TLR）依赖性途径引发即刻过敏反应。此外，大量的低分子量分子（LMWM）如鞘氨醇-1-磷酸和碘造影剂已被观察到引起过敏。因此，目前的过敏定义，即一组 IgE 介导的疾病，似乎难以涵盖所有的过敏反应。由于即使是 IgE 依赖性过敏反应也是通过肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞的激活来进行的，而且上述所有过敏原都可以激活这些细胞，因此我们假设过敏反应是肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞介导的炎症过程，因为正是激活的肥大细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞引发了即刻过敏反应的病理过程，而 IgE 只是这些细胞的一种激活剂。
