Discovery and Analytical Sciences RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Neurotoxicology. 2012 Oct;33(5):1305-13. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2012.08.003. Epub 2012 Aug 23.
Synthetic stimulants commonly sold as "bath salts" are an emerging abuse problem in the U.S. Users have shown paranoia, delusions, and self-injury. Previously published in vivo research has been limited to only two components of bath salts (mephedrone and methylone). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate in vivo effects of several synthetic cathinones found in bath salts and to compare them to those of cocaine (COC) and methamphetamine (METH). Acute effects of methylenedioxyphyrovalerone (MDPV), mephedrone, methylone, methedrone, 3-fluoromethcathinone (3-FMC), 4-fluoromethcathinone (4-FMC), COC, and METH were examined in male ICR mice on locomotor activity, rotorod, and a functional observational battery (FOB). All drugs increased locomotor activity, with different compounds showing different potencies and time courses in locomotor activity. 3-FMC and methylone decreased performance on the rotorod. The FOB showed that in addition to typical stimulant induced effects, some synthetic cathinones produced ataxia, convulsions, and increased exploration. These results suggest that individual synthetic cathinones differ in their profile of effects, and differ from known stimulants of abuse. Effects of 3-FMC, 4-FMC, and methedrone indicate these synthetic cathinones share major pharmacological properties with the ones that have been banned (mephedrone, MDPV, methylone), suggesting that they may be just as harmful.
合成兴奋剂通常以“浴盐”的形式出售，是美国新出现的滥用问题。使用者表现出偏执、妄想和自残。以前的体内研究仅限于浴盐中的两种成分（Mephedrone 和甲基酮）。本研究的目的是评估浴盐中发现的几种合成卡西酮的体内效应，并将其与可卡因（COC）和甲基苯丙胺（METH）进行比较。雄性 ICR 小鼠急性给予亚甲二氧基苯丙胺（MDPV）、Mephedrone、甲基酮、Methedrone、3-氟甲卡西酮（3-FMC）、4-氟甲卡西酮（4-FMC）、COC 和 METH，检测其在运动活性、旋转棒和功能观察电池（FOB）上的急性效应。所有药物均增加运动活性，不同化合物在运动活性中的效力和时间进程不同。3-FMC 和甲基酮降低了旋转棒的性能。FOB 表明，除了典型的兴奋剂诱导作用外，一些合成卡西酮还会导致共济失调、惊厥和探索增加。这些结果表明，个别合成卡西酮在其作用特征上存在差异，并且与已知的滥用兴奋剂不同。3-FMC、4-FMC 和 Methedrone 的作用表明，这些合成卡西酮与已被禁用的那些（Mephedrone、MDPV、甲基酮）具有主要的药理学特性，这表明它们可能同样有害。
