Pithie A D, Wood M J
Department of Communicable and Tropical Disease, East Birmingham Hospital, UK.
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1990 Dec;26 Suppl F:47-53. doi: 10.1093/jac/26.suppl_f.47.
Ciprofloxacin and other related fluorinated 4-quinolones have microbiological and pharmacokinetic properties that suggest they could be useful agents in the management of typhoid fever and bacterial gastroenteritis. Initial studies confirm that this is the case. Against fully sensitive Salmonella typhi ciprofloxacin is clinically as effective as chloramphenicol or co-trimoxazole. It is also effective treatment for antibiotic-resistant strains which cause epidemic and endemic infection throughout the world. Furthermore, ciprofloxacin appears to eliminate chronic carriage of Salm. typhi more efficiently than other antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin has excellent in-vitro activity against all the bacterial pathogens that commonly cause infective diarrhoea. There are limited data concerning its use in the treatment of shigella dysentery but, in appropriate situations, ciprofloxacin is effective treatment for salmonella enteritis and is also effective in infections complicated by septicaemia and bone and liver abscesses. Ciprofloxacin appears to be of benefit in Campylobacter jejuni enteritis and is effective in the treatment of travellers' diarrhoea were enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and shigellae are most important.
环丙沙星及其他相关的氟化4-喹诺酮类药物具有微生物学和药代动力学特性，表明它们可能是治疗伤寒热和细菌性肠胃炎的有效药物。初步研究证实了这一点。对于对环丙沙星完全敏感的伤寒沙门氏菌，其临床疗效与氯霉素或复方新诺明相当。它也是治疗在全球引起流行和地方性感染的耐药菌株的有效药物。此外，环丙沙星似乎比其他抗生素更有效地消除伤寒沙门氏菌的慢性携带。环丙沙星对所有通常引起感染性腹泻的细菌病原体具有出色的体外活性。关于其在志贺氏菌痢疾治疗中的应用数据有限，但在适当情况下，环丙沙星是治疗沙门氏菌肠炎的有效药物，对并发败血症以及骨和肝脓肿的感染也有效。环丙沙星似乎对空肠弯曲菌肠炎有益，并且在治疗旅行者腹泻方面有效，在旅行者腹泻中肠产毒性大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌最为重要。
