UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, PO Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands.
Water Sci Technol. 2012;66(9):1984-90. doi: 10.2166/wst.2012.325.
In 2007/08, a study was undertaken on sediment dynamics in shallow Lake Markermeer, The Netherlands. Firstly, the sediment characteristics median grain size, mud content and loss on ignition showed a spatial as well as water depth related pattern indicating wind-induced sediment transport. Sediment dynamics were investigated in a sediment trap field survey at two stations. Sediment yields, virtually all coming from sediment resuspension, were significantly correlated with wind speeds. Resuspension rates for Lake Markermeer were very high, viz. ca. 1,000 g/m(2)day as an annual average, leading to high suspended solids (SS) contents, due to the large lake area and its shallowness (high 'Dynamic Ratio'). Sediment resuspension behaviour was further investigated in preliminary laboratory experiments using a 'micro-flume', applying increasing water currents onto five Lake Markermeer sediments. Resuspension showed a clear exponential behaviour. Finally, a 3-D model was set up for water quality and SS contents in Lake Markermeer; first results showed a good agreement between modelled and actual SS contents. Construction of artificial islands and dams will reduce wind fetches and may be expected to cause a substantial decrease in lake water turbidity.
2007/08 年，对荷兰浅马克尔湖的泥沙动态进行了一项研究。首先，沉积物特征（中值粒径、泥含量和灼烧损失）表现出空间和水深相关的模式，表明存在风引起的泥沙输运。在两个站点的泥沙陷阱现场调查中研究了泥沙动力学。泥沙产量几乎全部来自于泥沙再悬浮，与风速显著相关。马克尔湖的再悬浮率非常高，即每年平均约为 1000 克/平方米/天，导致高悬浮物（SS）含量，这是由于湖泊面积大且水深浅（高“动力比”）。使用“微水槽”在初步实验室实验中进一步研究了泥沙再悬浮行为，将不断增加的水流施加到五个马克尔湖沉积物上。再悬浮表现出明显的指数行为。最后，建立了一个三维模型，用于马克尔湖的水质和 SS 含量；初步结果表明，模型和实际 SS 含量之间具有良好的一致性。人工岛屿和水坝的建设将减少风的影响，预计会导致湖水浊度大幅降低。
